Department of Biological and Behavioral Sciences, Fontbonne University, 6800 Wydown Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63105, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2020 Aug;48(6):903-919. doi: 10.3758/s13421-020-01032-6.
Recent research in the eyewitness identification literature has investigated whether simultaneous or sequential lineups yield better discriminability. In standard eyewitness identification experiments, subjects view a mock-crime video and then are tested only once, requiring large samples for adequate power. However, there is no reason why theories of simultaneous versus sequential lineup performance cannot be tested using more traditional recognition memory tasks. In two experiments, subjects studied DRM (Deese-Roediger-McDermott) word lists (e.g., bed, rest, tired, ...) and were tested using "lineups" in which six words were presented either simultaneously or sequentially. A studied word (e.g., tired) served as the guilty suspect in target-present lineups, unstudied related words (e.g., nap) served as fillers in target-present and target-absent lineups, and critical lures (e.g., sleep) were included in some target-present and target-absent lineups as well, to serve as attractive alternatives to the target word (or suspect). ROC analyses showed that the simultaneous test format generally yielded superior discriminability performance compared to the sequential test format, whether or not the critical lure was present in the lineup.
最近在目击者识别文献中的研究调查了同时呈现或顺序呈现的辨认测试是否会产生更好的辨别力。在标准的目击者识别实验中，被试观看模拟犯罪视频，然后只接受一次测试，这需要大量的样本才能获得足够的效力。然而，没有理由不能使用更传统的识别记忆任务来测试同时呈现和顺序呈现的辨认测试表现的理论。在两项实验中，被试学习 DRM（Deese-Roediger-McDermott）单词列表（例如，床、休息、疲倦等），然后使用“辨认测试”进行测试，其中六个单词同时或顺序呈现。学习过的单词（例如，疲倦）作为目标呈现辨认测试中的有罪嫌疑人，未学习过的相关单词（例如，打盹）作为目标呈现和目标不存在辨认测试中的填充词，以及关键诱饵（例如，睡眠）也被包含在一些目标呈现和目标不存在辨认测试中，作为目标单词（或嫌疑人）的诱人替代词。ROC 分析表明，无论关键诱饵是否存在于辨认测试中，同时呈现的测试格式通常比顺序呈现的测试格式产生更好的辨别力表现。
