Lang Johannes
Danish Institute for International Studies, Østbanegade 117, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2020 Oct;35:17-20. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.02.002. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Perpetrators of collective violence allegedly dehumanize their victims. Psychologists often operationalize dehumanization as a social-cognitive process that turns people into beings whose thoughts, feelings, and relationships are of no concern to the perpetrators. The theory is that this process is an essential mechanism in intergroup violence. But a growing number of researchers from a variety of disciplines are pointing out the theoretical and empirical limitations of the dehumanization thesis. Some psychologists go so far as to argue that the thesis is mistaken. As this review shows, the explanatory value of 'dehumanization' is now in doubt. Whatever its intuitive appeal, the psychological concept of dehumanization might do more to distort than illuminate the history of collective violence.
据称，集体暴力的实施者将受害者不当人看。心理学家常常将“不当人看”作为一种社会认知过程来进行研究，该过程会把人变成这样的存在：其思想、情感及人际关系都不为施暴者所关心。理论认为，这一过程是群体间暴力的一种重要机制。但越来越多来自不同学科的研究人员指出了“不当人看”这一论点在理论和实证方面的局限性。一些心理学家甚至认为该论点是错误的。正如本综述所示，“不当人看”的解释价值如今受到质疑。无论其直观上多么有吸引力，“不当人看”这一心理学概念对于集体暴力历史的扭曲作用可能大于阐释作用。
