Department of Transplantation, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Clinical Transplant Laboratory, 3rd Floor Borough Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Ann Surg. 2020 Jul;272(1):45-47. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003855.
Unspecified kidney donation (UKD) describes living donation of a kidney to a stranger. The practice is playing an increasingly important role within the transplant programme in the United Kingdom, where these donors are commonly used to trigger a chain of transplants; thereby amplifying the benefit derived from their donation. The initial reluctance to accept UKD was in part due to uncertainty about donor motivations and whether the practice was morally and ethically acceptable.
This article provides an overview of UKD and answers common questions regarding the ethical considerations, clinical assessment, and how UKD kidneys are used to maximize utility. Existing literature on outcomes after UKD is also discussed, along with current controversies.
We believe UKD is an ethically acceptable practice which should continue to grow, despite its controversies. In our experience, these donors are primarily motivated by a desire to help others and utilization of their kidney as part of a sharing scheme means that many more people seek to benefit from their very generous donation.
未指定的肾脏捐献（UKD）描述了活体向陌生人捐献肾脏。这种做法在英国的移植项目中扮演着越来越重要的角色，这些供体通常被用来引发一连串的移植，从而放大他们捐献的好处。最初人们不愿意接受 UKD，部分原因是对捐赠者动机的不确定性，以及这种做法在道德和伦理上是否可以接受。
本文概述了 UKD，并回答了关于伦理考虑、临床评估以及如何使用 UKD 肾脏来最大化效用的常见问题。还讨论了 UKD 后的现有文献和当前的争议。
我们认为 UKD 是一种在道德上可以接受的做法，尽管存在争议，但应该继续发展。根据我们的经验，这些捐赠者主要是出于帮助他人的愿望，而将他们的肾脏作为共享计划的一部分使用意味着更多的人希望从他们非常慷慨的捐赠中受益。
