Stavropoulou-Tatla Stavroula, Awal Danyal Hazra, Fardanesh Armin, McCaig Fiona, Hossain Mohammad Ayaz
Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Transplant Proc. 2022 Apr;54(3):582-586. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.12.047. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
Unspecified kidney donation (UKD) refers to transplantation from donors unrelated and unknown to the recipient. UKD has contributed to the expansion of the live donor pool in several countries. The United Kingdom Transplant Community has set maximizing UKDs as a priority. The Internet raises awareness and potentially influences the decision-making regarding UKD. This is the first study assessing the quality and readability of online material on UKD.
Google was searched for the terms "kidney donation" and one of "unspecified," "altruistic," "non-directed," "anonymous," or "good Samaritan," as well as "giving or donating a kidney to a stranger." Two independent assessors reviewed the top 100 websites. Quality was assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association criteria, the DISCERN instrument and Health On the Net Code certification. Readability was assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade (FKG), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) scores.
Only 6% of websites displayed HONcode certification. The mean (± SD) JAMA and DISCERN scores of 1.96 (± 1.00) and 32.34 (± 11.19) indicate poor quality. The mean (± SD) FRE, FKG, and SMOG scores of 52.92 (± 13.62), 10.60 (± 2.72), and 9.64 (± 2.22) reveal poor readability. The difference in JAMA and DISCERN scores according to website classification was significant (P < .001, P = .014) with websites from medical, nonprofit, and governmental organizations scoring amongst the lowest, while comprising most search results (61%).
Transplant centers and medical organizations should prioritize improving their online resources to lower the risk of individuals pursuing UKD based on unrealistic expectations or being discouraged unjustly.
未指定捐赠者的肾脏捐赠（UKD）是指来自接受者不认识且未知的捐赠者的移植。UKD在几个国家推动了活体捐赠者库的扩大。英国移植界已将最大化UKD作为优先事项。互联网提高了人们的认识，并可能影响关于UKD的决策。这是第一项评估UKD在线材料质量和可读性的研究。
在谷歌上搜索“肾脏捐赠”以及“未指定的”“利他的”“非定向的”“匿名的”或“乐善好施者”中的一个，以及“给陌生人捐赠肾脏”。两名独立评估者审查了排名前100的网站。使用美国医学会标准、DISCERN工具和健康在线代码认证来评估质量。使用弗莱什易读性（FRE）、弗莱什-金凯德年级水平（FKG）和简单晦涩语言测量（SMOG）分数来评估可读性。
只有6%的网站显示健康在线代码认证。JAMA和DISCERN分数的平均值（±标准差）分别为1.96（±1.00）和32.34（±11.19），表明质量较差。FRE、FKG和SMOG分数的平均值（±标准差）分别为52.92（±13.62）、10.60（±2.72）和9.64（±2.22），表明可读性较差。根据网站分类，JAMA和DISCERN分数的差异具有统计学意义（P<.001，P = .014），医学、非营利组织和政府组织的网站得分最低，而这些网站占大多数搜索结果（61%）。
移植中心和医疗机构应优先改进其在线资源，以降低个人基于不切实际的期望寻求UKD或被不合理劝阻的风险。
