College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nannnig 530004, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China.
Viruses. 2020 Mar 26;12(4):366. doi: 10.3390/v12040366.
Newcastle disease is an important poultry disease that also affects Columbiform birds. The viruses adapted to pigeons and doves are referred to as pigeon paramyxoviruses 1 (PPMV-1). PPMV-1 are frequently isolated from pigeons worldwide and have the potential to cause disease in chickens. The complete genomes of 18 PPMV-1 isolated in China during 2012-2018 were sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses showed that five of the viruses belong to sub-genotype VI1.2.1.1.2.1 and 13 isolates belong to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. The results demonstrate that these sub-genotypes have been predominant in China during the last decade. The viruses of these sub-genotypes have been independently maintained and continuously evolved for over 20 years, and differ significantly from those causing outbreaks worldwide during the 1980s to 2010s. The viral reservoir remains unknown and possibilities of the viruses being maintained in both pigeon farms and wild bird populations are viable. In vivo characterization of the isolates' pathogenicity estimated mean death times between 62 and 114 hours and intracerebral pathogenicity indices between 0.00 and 0.63. Cross-reactivity testing showed minor antigenic differences between the studied viruses and the genotype II LaSota vaccine. These data will facilitate PPMV-1 epidemiology studies, vaccine development, and control of Newcastle disease in pigeons and poultry.
新城疫是一种重要的家禽病，也会影响 Columbiform 鸟类。适应鸽子和鸠鸽的病毒被称为鸽副黏病毒 1（PPMV-1）。PPMV-1 经常从世界各地的鸽子中分离出来，并有潜力引起鸡的疾病。通过下一代测序（NGS）对 2012 年至 2018 年期间在中国分离的 18 株 PPMV-1 进行了全基因组测序。综合系统发育分析表明，其中 5 株病毒属于亚基因型 VI1.2.1.1.2.1，13 株属于亚基因型 VI.2.1.1.2.2。结果表明，这些亚基因型在过去十年中一直是中国的主要流行型。这些亚基因型的病毒已经独立地被维持和不断进化了超过 20 年，与 20 世纪 80 年代至 2010 年代全球爆发的病毒有很大的不同。病毒的储存宿主仍然未知，病毒在鸽子养殖场和野生鸟类种群中都有可能被维持。对分离株致病性的体内特征分析估计平均死亡时间为 62 至 114 小时，脑内致病性指数为 0.00 至 0.63。交叉反应性测试表明，研究的病毒与基因型 II LaSota 疫苗之间存在轻微的抗原差异。这些数据将有助于 PPMV-1 的流行病学研究、疫苗开发以及鸽子和家禽中新城病的控制。
