Shang Haosen, Zhang Tongyun, Miao Jianxiang, Shi Tiantian, Pan Duo, Zhao Xingwen, Wei Qiang, Yang Lin, Chen Jingbiao
Opt Express. 2020 Mar 2;28(5):6868-6880. doi: 10.1364/OE.381147.
We realize a high-stability laser by modulation transfer spectroscopy and apply it to implement a high-performance compact optically pumped cesium beam atomic clock. Evaluated by the optical heterodyne method with two identical frequency-stabilized lasers, the frequency instability of the 852 nm laser directly referenced on thermal atoms is 2.6×10 at the averaging time of 5 s. Factors degrading the frequency stability of the laser are analyzed, and we will further control it to reduce the frequency noise of the laser. By comparing with a Hydrogen maser, the measured Allan deviation of the high-stability-laser-based cesium beam atomic clock is 2×10/, dropping to 1×10 in less than half a day of averaging time. To our knowledge, the Allan deviation of our cesium clock is better than that of any reported compact cesium beam atomic clocks at the averaging time of half-day. The high-performance atomic clock can promote the fields in metrology and timekeeping, and the high-stability laser additionally possesses great potential to be a compact optical frequency standard.
我们通过调制转移光谱实现了一台高稳定性激光器，并将其应用于实现一台高性能紧凑型光泵铯束原子钟。用两台相同的频率稳定激光器通过光外差法评估，直接参考热原子的852纳米激光器在5秒平均时间下的频率不稳定度为2.6×10 。分析了降低激光器频率稳定性的因素，我们将进一步对其进行控制以降低激光器的频率噪声。通过与氢脉泽比较，基于高稳定性激光器的铯束原子钟测得的阿伦偏差为2×10 /，在不到半天的平均时间内降至1×10 。据我们所知，在半天平均时间下，我们铯钟的阿伦偏差优于任何已报道的紧凑型铯束原子钟。高性能原子钟可推动计量学和计时领域的发展，而高稳定性激光器另外还有成为紧凑型光频标准的巨大潜力。
