Wright B M O G, Wright C D, Sole C L, Lyle R, Tippett R, Sholto-Douglas C, Verburgt L, Engelbrecht I
Wild Tomorrow Fund, 413 W. 48TH ST, 3F, NY, NY, USA, 10036.
Zootaxa. 2019 Nov 26;4700(4):zootaxa.4700.4.12. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4700.4.12.
The medically important spider genus Latrodectus Walckenaer 1805, commonly referred to as "button spiders" in South Africa, is represented by six species in the country. Using morphology and the COI barcoding gene we describe a new forest dwelling species, Latrodectus umbukwane n. sp. Wright, Wright, Lyle and Engelbrecht. Females have red markings on both the ventral and posterior dorsal surfaces of the abdomen, parallel spermathecae and three loops of the copulatory ducts. Males have an embolus with four loops and diagnostic white markings on the ventral surface of the abdomen that darken with age. Egg sacs are smooth, large, and bright purple when freshly laid, turning shiny grey with time. Latrodectus umbukwane n. sp. is known only from sand forest vegetation types in northern Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A predicted geographic distribution for this species is provided based on cartographic mapping of known habitat and altitudinal preference, from which area of occupancy (AOO; 698 km2) and extent of occurrence (EOO; 4963 km2) were calculated to assess potential IUCN Red List status. Due to the uncertainty of the distribution of this species, a Red List status of Data Deficient (DD) is recommended. An updated key to the southern African species of Latrodectus is provided.
具有医学重要性的寇蛛属（Latrodectus Walckenaer，1805年），在南非通常被称为“纽扣蜘蛛”，在该国由六个物种代表。利用形态学和细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）条形码基因，我们描述了一种新的栖息于森林的物种——翁布夸内寇蛛（Latrodectus umbukwane n. sp.），赖特、赖特、莱尔和恩格尔布雷希特。雌性在腹部腹面和背面后部均有红色斑纹，受精囊平行，交合管有三个环。雄性有一个带有四个环的栓，腹部腹面有特征性白色斑纹，会随着年龄增长而变黑。卵囊光滑、较大，刚产下时呈亮紫色，随着时间推移会变成闪亮的灰色。翁布夸内寇蛛仅见于南非夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔省祖鲁兰北部的沙林植被类型。基于已知栖息地的地图绘制和海拔偏好，提供了该物种的预测地理分布，据此计算了占有面积（AOO；698平方公里）和分布范围（EOO；4963平方公里），以评估其在世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）红色名录中的潜在地位。由于该物种分布的不确定性，建议将其红色名录状态列为数据缺乏（DD）。还提供了一份更新后的南部非洲寇蛛属物种检索表。
