Lehnert Helmut, Stone Robert P
Eichenstr. 14, 86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany GeoBio-Center LMU München, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 München, Germany.
Zootaxa. 2020 Mar 23;4755(1):zootaxa.4755.1.7. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4755.1.7.
A sponge collected along the Aleutian Islands of Alaska revealed an unusual combination of characters including ectosomal acantho - tornotes never before observed. Assignment to Poecilosclerida is without any doubt due to the presence of chelae but assignment to family is more problematic because 1) there is no family of Poecilosclerida (or any other demosponge) with ectosomal acantho-tornotes, and 2) the combination of occurring spicules and their arrangement does not conform completely to any Poecilosclerid family. Thus family assignment is only possible by amending the concept of an existing poecilosclerid family and allow for spined as well as smooth tornotes and a confusedly plumose choanosomal arrangement of megascleres. We suggest assignment to Hymedesmiidae as this requires relatively slight changes compared to other Poecilosclerid families. We suggest the erection of Acantorna n. gen. to accommodate Acantorna tahoma n. sp. The new genus and species differ from all other Hymedesmiid genera in the possession of the characters necessary for the suggested amendment. Additional differences to each Hymedesmiid genus are added.
在阿拉斯加阿留申群岛采集到的一块海绵显示出一系列不同寻常的特征组合，其中包括此前从未观察到的体表棘状撕裂骨针。毫无疑问，由于具有螯，它应归为软海绵纲，但在归为具体科属时则更具问题，原因如下：1）软海绵纲（或任何其他寻常海绵纲）中没有具有体表棘状撕裂骨针的科；2）所出现的骨针及其排列组合并不完全符合任何软海绵纲的科。因此，只有通过修正现有软海绵纲科的概念，允许既有带刺的也有光滑的撕裂骨针，以及大骨针在中胶层中呈杂乱羽状排列，才有可能进行科属归类。我们建议将其归为 Hymedesmiidae 科，因为相较于其他软海绵纲科，这样做所需的改动相对较小。我们建议建立 Acantorna 新属来容纳塔霍 Acantorna tahoma 新种。这个新属和新种与所有其他 Hymedesmiidae 科的属不同，具有为进行上述建议修正所必需的特征。还补充了与每个 Hymedesmiidae 科属的其他差异。
