Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Research and Development, The Medical Center Foltra, 15886 Teo, Spain.
Cells. 2020 Mar 27;9(4):807. doi: 10.3390/cells9040807.
Despite the important role that the growth hormone (GH)/IGF-I axis plays in vascular homeostasis, these kind of growth factors barely appear in articles addressing the neovascularization process. Currently, the vascular endothelium is considered as an authentic gland of internal secretion due to the wide variety of released factors and functions with local effects, including the paracrine/autocrine production of GH or IGF-I, for which the endothelium has specific receptors. In this comprehensive review, the evidence involving these proangiogenic hormones in arteriogenesis dealing with the arterial occlusion and making of them a potential therapy is described. All the elements that trigger the local and systemic production of GH/IGF-I, as well as their possible roles both in physiological and pathological conditions are analyzed. All of the evidence is combined with important data from the GHAS trial, in which GH or a placebo were administrated to patients suffering from critical limb ischemia with no option for revascularization. We postulate that GH, alone or in combination, should be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for helping in the approach of ischemic disease.
尽管生长激素（GH）/胰岛素样生长因子-I 轴在血管稳态中起着重要作用，但这些生长因子在涉及新血管生成过程的文章中几乎没有出现。目前，由于血管内皮细胞释放的因子种类繁多，且具有局部作用的功能，包括 GH 或 IGF-I 的旁分泌/自分泌产生，因此被认为是一种真正的内分泌腺。在这篇综述中，描述了这些促血管生成激素在涉及动脉闭塞的动脉生成中的作用，以及它们作为潜在治疗方法的证据。分析了触发 GH/IGF-I 局部和全身产生的所有因素，以及它们在生理和病理条件下的可能作用。所有的证据都结合了 GHAS 试验中的重要数据，该试验向没有血管重建选择的严重肢体缺血患者给予 GH 或安慰剂。我们假设 GH 单独或联合使用，都应该被认为是一种有前途的治疗药物，有助于治疗缺血性疾病。
