Institute of Navigation, Military University of Aviation, 08-521 Dęblin, Poland.
Institute of Geospatial Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Mar 30;20(7):1945. doi: 10.3390/s20071945.
The aim of this paper is to present the problem of the implementation of the EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) data for the processing of aircraft position determination. The main aim of the research is to develop a new computational strategy which might improve the performance of the EGNOS system in aviation, based on navigation solutions of an aircraft position, using several GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) onboard receivers. The results of an experimental test conducted by the Cessna 172 at EPDE (European Poland Deblin) (ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) code, N51°33.07'/E21°53.52') aerodrome in Dęblin are presented and discussed in this paper. Two GNSS navigation receivers with the EGNOS positioning function for monitoring changes in the parameters of the aircraft position in real time during the landing phase were installed onboard a Cessna 172. Based on obtained research findings, it was discovered that the positioning accuracy was not higher than 2.1 m, and the integrity of positioning did not exceed 19 m. Moreover, the availability parameter was found to equal 1 (or 100%); also, no intervals in the continuity of the operation of the EGNOS system were recorded. In the paper, the results of the air test from Dęblin were compared with the parameters of positioning quality from the air test conducted in Chełm (ICAO code: EPCD, N51°04'57.8" E23°26'15"). In the air test in Chełm, the obtained parameters of EGNOS quality positioning were: better than 4.9 m for accuracy, less than 35.5 m for integrity, 100% for availability, and no breaks in continuity. Based on the results of the air tests in Dęblin and Chełm, it was concluded that the parameters of the EGNOS positioning quality in aviation for the SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) APV (Approach to Vertical guidance) procedure were satisfied in accordance with the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) requirements. The presented research method can be utilized in the SBAS APV landing procedure in Polish aviation. In this paper, the results of PDOP (Position Dilution of Precision) are presented and compared to the two air tests in Dęblin and Chełm. The maximum results of PDOP amounted to 1.4 in the air test in Dęblin, whereas they equaled 4.0 in the air test in Chełm. The paper also shows how the EGNOS system improved the aircraft position in relation to the only GPS solution. In this context, the EGNOS system improved the aircraft position from about 78% to 95% for each ellipsoidal coordinate axis.
本文旨在介绍 EGNOS（欧洲静地导航重叠服务）数据在飞机位置确定处理中的实施问题。研究的主要目的是开发一种新的计算策略，该策略可以基于飞机位置的导航解，使用多个 GNSS（全球导航卫星系统）机载接收机，提高 EGNOS 系统在航空领域的性能。本文介绍并讨论了在 Dęblin 的 EPDE（欧洲波兰 Deblin）机场（ICAO（国际民用航空组织）代码，N51°33.07'/E21°53.52'）进行的塞斯纳 172 飞机的实验测试结果。在塞斯纳 172 飞机上安装了两个具有 EGNOS 定位功能的 GNSS 导航接收机，用于在着陆阶段实时监测飞机位置参数的变化。基于获得的研究结果，发现定位精度不高于 2.1 米，定位完整性不超过 19 米。此外，发现定位可用性参数等于 1（或 100%）；此外，没有记录到 EGNOS 系统运行连续性的中断。本文将 Dęblin 的空中测试结果与 Chełm 空中测试的定位质量参数进行了比较（ICAO 代码：EPCD，N51°04'57.8"E23°26'15"）。在 Chełm 的空中测试中，获得的 EGNOS 质量定位参数为：精度优于 4.9 米，完整性小于 35.5 米，可用性为 100%，连续性无中断。基于 Dęblin 和 Chełm 的空中测试结果，得出结论，符合 ICAO（国际民用航空组织）要求，航空 SBAS（卫星增强系统）APV（垂直进近引导）程序的 EGNOS 定位质量参数得到满足。本文提出的研究方法可用于波兰航空的 SBAS APV 着陆程序。本文还介绍了 PDOP（位置精度稀释度）的结果，并与 Dęblin 和 Chełm 的两次空中测试进行了比较。Dęblin 空中测试的 PDOP 最大值为 1.4，而 Chełm 空中测试的 PDOP 最大值为 4.0。本文还展示了 EGNOS 系统如何改善飞机位置相对于仅 GPS 解决方案的情况。在这种情况下，EGNOS 系统将飞机位置从每个椭球坐标轴的约 78%提高到 95%。
