Shen Liang, Xu Jiang, Hu Hao-Yu, Hu Xin, Zhang Yuan-Ke, Li Xi-Wen, Zhu Guang-Wei, Dong Lin-Lin, Zhang Nai-Wu, Kondo Ken-Ji, Chen Shi-Lin
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700,China.
College of Pharmacy,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2019 Dec;44(23):5124-5128. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20191009.106.
Cultivated ginseng in the farmland would become the mainly planting mode of Panax ginseng. However,there are relatively few cultivation ginseng varieties for farmland in China. Correlative analysis of qualitity and agronomic traits of P. ginseng cultivation in the farmland could provide a reference for the selection of excellent germplasm and new variety breeding of P. ginseng. In this study,the main index of saponin and agronomic traits of 4-6 years' samples were analyzed by UPLC and measured. The results show that there was significant difference in agronomic indexes of Damaya. The coefficient of variation of the root length( CV = 41. 97%) and fresh weight( CV = 31. 81%) were maximum,and the coefficient of variation of the stems thickness( 16. 72%) and root thickness were minimum. There was a significant correlation between yield and root thickness( P<0. 05). There was significant difference in drug yield of different harvest years( P<0. 05),and the yield of 6-years was 31. 52%-39. 69% higher than 4-years. However,there wasn't significant difference in total ginsenosides between 4 and 6 years old P. ginseng,but there was significant difference in ginseng Rg2,Rc and Rb2( P<0. 05),and the ginsenoside contents of different harvesting years were accorded with the criterion standards of 2015 Chinese Pharmacopoeia. There was no significant correlation between the saponin and the agronomic trait,while there was positive correlation with root thickness( P < 0. 05). Therefore,the stem diameter was positive correlation with yield of P. ginseng. Selection of the stem thickness of seedlings is beneficial to the increase of the yield and breeding of P. ginseng.
农田栽培人参将成为人参的主要种植模式。然而，我国适合农田栽培的人参品种相对较少。对农田栽培人参的品质和农艺性状进行相关性分析，可为优良种质的筛选和人参新品种选育提供参考。本研究采用超高效液相色谱法（UPLC）对4 - 6年生人参样品的皂苷主要指标进行分析，并测定其农艺性状。结果表明，大马牙的农艺指标存在显著差异。根长变异系数（CV = 41.97%）和鲜重变异系数（CV = 31.81%）最大，茎粗变异系数（16.72%）和根粗变异系数最小。产量与根粗之间存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。不同采收年份的药材产量存在显著差异（P<0.05），6年生的产量比4年生高31.52% - 39.69%。然而，4年生和6年生人参总皂苷含量无显著差异，但人参皂苷Rg2、Rc和Rb2存在显著差异（P<0.05），不同采收年份的人参皂苷含量符合2015年《中国药典》的标准规定。皂苷与农艺性状之间无显著相关性，但与根粗呈正相关（P < 0.05）。因此，人参茎粗与产量呈正相关。选择茎粗的参苗有利于人参产量的提高和品种选育。
