Yuan Qing-Song, Wang Hui, Jiang Wei-Ke, Ou Xiao-Hong, Xu Jiao, Wang Xiao-Ai, Wang Lu, Ou Yue-Yun, Zhou Tao
Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550025, China.
Guizhou Tiancheng Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Dafang 551600, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 Feb;45(3):485-490. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20191204.109.
The study is aimed to create seed materials and dissect the molecular mechanism of sexual propagation of Gastrodia elata. In this research, thirteen characteristics of flowers, flower stem, fruits, seeds and embryo of G.elata f. glauca and G.elata f. elata after bolting at room temperature(RT) and constant temperature(CT, 22 ℃) were determined. It was found that the constant temperature condition could prolong the bolting duration of G.elata and increased the number of flowers, while the variety of G.elata only affected the bolting duration, but had no effect on the number of flowers, and the G.elata f. elata was more likely to bolting than the G.elata f. glauca. The variety of G.elata was the main factor affecting the time of dehiscent fruit of G.elata, the temperature was the main factor affecting the fruits number and fruits diameter, and the constant temperature was more conducive to the fruits shape of G.elata than the room temperature. There was no significant difference in seed phenotype of G.elata varieties, but the seed embryo of G.elata seeds cultivated at constant temperature was fuller than that of G.elata cultivated at room temperature, and temperature had less influence on the seed phenotype of G.elata. But it was interesting to find that temperature and varieties had greater influence on the seed embryo of G.elata, constant temperature cultivation was more conducive to the formation of seed embryo of G.elata, and more the seed embryo of G.elata f. elata was easier to form than the seed embryo of G.elata f. glauca. However, the development of seeds and embryos of G.elata was significantly affected, and the development of seeds and embryos of G.elata f. glauca was more sensitive to temperature than G.elata f. elata. The research suggested that it is advisable for G.elata to produce seed materials by bolting at constant temperature(22 ℃).
本研究旨在创制天麻有性繁殖的种子材料并解析其分子机制。本研究测定了乌天麻和红天麻在室温（RT）和恒温（CT，22℃）下抽薹后花、花茎、果实、种子及胚的13个特征。结果发现，恒温条件可延长天麻的抽薹持续时间并增加花的数量，而天麻品种仅影响抽薹持续时间，对花的数量无影响，且红天麻比乌天麻更易抽薹。天麻品种是影响天麻果实开裂时间的主要因素，温度是影响果实数量和果实直径的主要因素，恒温比室温更有利于天麻果实的形状。天麻品种间种子表型无显著差异，但恒温培养的天麻种子胚比室温培养的更饱满，温度对天麻种子表型影响较小。但有趣的是，温度和品种对天麻种子胚影响较大，恒温培养更有利于天麻种子胚的形成，且红天麻种子胚比乌天麻种子胚更易形成。然而，天麻种子和胚的发育受到显著影响，乌天麻种子和胚的发育比红天麻对温度更敏感。研究表明，天麻通过在恒温（22℃）下抽薹来生产种子材料是可取的。
