Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St., Boston, MA, USA.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2021 Jan;56(1):119-127. doi: 10.1007/s00127-020-01866-0. Epub 2020 Apr 2.
The purpose of this study was to determine the association of individual-level and community-level parental social capital with childhood behavior problems using population-based longitudinal data in Japan.
We analyzed data from a population-based longitudinal survey study which followed first-grade elementary school children (6-7 years old) in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan. At baseline, the parents of first-grade students from all 69 elementary schools in Adachi City were asked to respond to a questionnaire assessing behavior problems and prosocial behavior (using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) and parental social capital in the community (N = 5494). Data on follow-up questionnaires on behavior problems were collected when children were second grade. Among both surveys, 3656 parents returned valid responses. The association between individual-level and community-level parental social capital and children's behavior problems were analyzed using multilevel analyses adjusting for covariates.
Community-level social capital was positively associated with prosocial behaviors, but not for total difficulties, after adjustment for covariates (coefficient = 0.19, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.36). Individual-level parental social capital was also positively associated with prosocial behaviors (coefficient = 0.27, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.41) and negatively associated with total difficulties (coefficient = - 0.54, 95% CI - 0.89 to - 0.19).
This study showed that greater community-level social capital can benefit children with increased prosocial behaviors. Individual-level parental social capital can be protective of youth by increasing prosocial behaviors and reducing difficult behaviors. Boosting both community and individual social capital can be a promising means to enhance children's well-being.
本研究旨在使用日本基于人群的纵向数据，确定个体层面和社区层面父母社会资本与儿童行为问题的关联。
我们分析了一项基于人群的纵向调查研究的数据，该研究跟踪了日本东京足立区的一年级小学生（6-7 岁）。在基线时，足立区所有 69 所小学的一年级学生的家长被要求回答一份问卷，评估行为问题和亲社会行为（使用长处和困难问卷）以及社区中的父母社会资本（N=5494）。当孩子上二年级时，收集关于行为问题的后续问卷数据。在两次调查中，有 3656 名家长返回了有效回复。使用多水平分析调整协变量后，分析了个体层面和社区层面父母社会资本与儿童行为问题之间的关联。
在调整协变量后，社区层面的社会资本与亲社会行为呈正相关，但与总困难无关（系数=0.19，95%CI 0.03 至 0.36）。个体层面的父母社会资本也与亲社会行为呈正相关（系数=0.27，95%CI 0.12 至 0.41），与总困难呈负相关（系数=-0.54，95%CI -0.89 至-0.19）。
本研究表明，更大的社区层面社会资本可以使儿童的亲社会行为增加受益。个体层面的父母社会资本可以通过增加亲社会行为和减少困难行为来保护青少年。增强社区和个人的社会资本可能是增强儿童福祉的一种有前途的手段。
