School of Chemical Engineering/Integrated Military-Civilian Innovation Center for Energetic Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Jun 1;237:116176. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116176. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
In order to develop new high-energy materials utilizing natural products, a high-substitute nitrochitosan was prepared with different methods. Prepared processes and detonation properties of the nitrochitosan samples were systematically studied. The nitration substitute degree, nitrogen content, exothermic decomposition enthalpy, heat of combustion, impact sensitivity, detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the prepared high-substitute nitrochitosan were 2.01, 16.67 %, -2226 J g, -7831.6 ± 116.3 J g, >14.2 J, 7.81 km s, and 24.03 GPa, respectively. Compared with nitrocellulose (NC), the nitrogen content, impact sensitivity and detonation properties of the prepared nitrochitosan were significantly improved. Nitrochitosan and RDX can form a uniform composite in acetone. With the increase of RDX content, the impact sensitivity of composite increased, but the composite was more stable and not easy to decompose. High-substitute nitrochitosan presents a potential application in solid propellants.
为了开发利用天然产物的新型高能材料，利用不同方法制备了高取代度硝甲壳素。系统研究了硝甲壳素样品的制备工艺和爆炸性能。所制备的高取代度硝甲壳素的取代度、氮含量、放热分解焓、燃烧热、撞击感度、爆速和爆压分别为 2.01、16.67%、-2226 J/g、-7831.6±116.3 J/g、>14.2 J、7.81 km/s 和 24.03 GPa。与硝化纤维素（NC）相比，所制备的硝甲壳素的氮含量、撞击感度和爆炸性能有显著提高。硝甲壳素和 RDX 可以在丙酮中形成均匀的复合材料。随着 RDX 含量的增加，复合材料的撞击感度增加，但复合材料更稳定，不易分解。高取代度硝甲壳素在固体推进剂中具有潜在的应用前景。
