Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
Urol Oncol. 2021 Oct;39(10):686-690. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.02.018. Epub 2020 Mar 30.
Since the "prostate-specific antigen (PSA) era," we have seen an increase in unnecessary biopsies, which has ultimately lead to an overtreatment of low-risk cancers. Given the limitations of prostate-specific antigen and the invasive nature of prostate biopsy several serum and urinary biomarkers have been developed. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the available biomarkers for the detection clinically significant prostate cancer namely PHI, 4Kscore, PCA3, MiPS, SelectMDx, ExosomeDX. Current literature suggests that these biomarkers can improve detection of clinically significant prostate cancer reducing overtreatment and making treatment strategies more cost-effective. Nevertheless, large prospective studies with head-to-head-comparisons of the available biomarkers are necessary to fully assess the potential of incorporating biomarkers in routine clinical practice.
自“前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）时代”以来，我们已经看到了不必要的活检数量增加，这最终导致了低风险癌症的过度治疗。鉴于前列腺特异性抗原的局限性和前列腺活检的侵袭性，已经开发了几种血清和尿液生物标志物。在本文中，我们全面回顾了用于检测临床显著前列腺癌的可用生物标志物，即 PHI、4Kscore、PCA3、MiPS、SelectMDx、ExosomeDX。目前的文献表明，这些生物标志物可以提高临床显著前列腺癌的检测率，减少过度治疗，并使治疗策略更具成本效益。然而，需要进行大型前瞻性研究，对头对头比较可用生物标志物，以充分评估将生物标志物纳入常规临床实践的潜力。
