Kim Jong Hum, Castroverde Christian Danve M
Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Apr 1;9(4):434. doi: 10.3390/plants9040434.
The first layer of the plant immune system comprises plasma membrane-localized receptor proteins and intracellular receptors of the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein superfamily. Together, these immune receptors act as a network of surveillance machines in recognizing extracellular and intracellular pathogen invasion-derived molecules, ranging from conserved structural epitopes to virulence-promoting effectors. Successful pathogen recognition leads to physiological and molecular changes in the host plants, which are critical for counteracting and defending against biotic attack. A breadth of significant insights and conceptual advances have been derived from decades of research in various model plant species regarding the structural complexity, functional diversity, and regulatory mechanisms of these plant immune receptors. In this article, we review the current state-of-the-art of how these host surveillance proteins function and how they are regulated. We will focus on the latest progress made in plant species belonging to the family, because of their tremendous importance as model organisms and agriculturally valuable crops.
植物免疫系统的第一层由定位于质膜的受体蛋白和核苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重复序列蛋白超家族的细胞内受体组成。这些免疫受体共同构成一个监测机器网络，用于识别细胞外和细胞内病原体入侵衍生的分子，范围从保守的结构表位到促进毒力的效应子。成功识别病原体可导致宿主植物发生生理和分子变化，这对于抵抗和防御生物攻击至关重要。数十年来，针对各种模式植物物种中这些植物免疫受体的结构复杂性、功能多样性和调控机制进行的研究，已经取得了广泛而重要的见解和概念进展。在本文中，我们综述了这些宿主监测蛋白的功能及其调控方式的当前最新进展。由于其作为模式生物和具有农业价值的作物具有极其重要的意义，我们将重点关注豆科植物物种的最新进展。
