Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, HaUniversita 8 Street, Herzliya 46150, Israel.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8686, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 20;17(6):2054. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062054.
Attachment theory emphasizes both the importance of the availability of caring, supportive relationship partners, beginning in infancy, for developing a sense of safety and security, and the beneficial effects of this sense of security on psychosocial functioning and physical and mental health. In this article, we briefly review basic concepts of attachment theory, focusing on the core construct of attachment security and present evidence concerning the ways in which this sense can be enhanced in adulthood. Specifically, we review findings from laboratory experiments that have momentarily enhanced the sense of attachment security and examined its effects on emotion regulation, psychological functioning, and prosocial behavior. We then review empirical findings and ideas concerning security enhancement by actual relationship partners, non-human symbolic figures, and societal systems in a wide variety of life domains, such as marital relationships, psychotherapy, education, health and medicine, leadership and management, group interactions, religion, law, and government.
依恋理论强调了从婴儿期开始,有爱心、支持性的关系伙伴的存在对于培养安全感的重要性,以及这种安全感对心理社会功能以及身心健康的有益影响。在本文中,我们简要回顾了依恋理论的基本概念,重点介绍了依恋安全性的核心结构,并介绍了有关在成年期增强这种安全感的方法的证据。具体来说,我们回顾了一些实验室实验的结果,这些实验暂时增强了依恋安全感,并研究了它对情绪调节、心理功能和亲社会行为的影响。然后,我们回顾了有关实际关系伙伴、非人类象征性人物以及各种生活领域(例如婚姻关系、心理治疗、教育、健康和医学、领导和管理、群体互动、宗教、法律和政府)中的社会系统增强安全感的实证发现和想法。