School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, China.
Jiangsu Research Center of Land Resource, 58 Shuiximen Road, Nanjing, 210017, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(17):20817-20830. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08336-9. Epub 2020 Apr 4.
Understanding where and how human land use causes ecological consequences is essential for habitat conservation. However, the assessment of the ecological disturbance caused by human land use is usually shaped by the area change in ecological land. The comprehensive evaluation of ecological disturbance based on the losses and gains of ecological patches is neglected. This paper analyzed the land use change between agricultural land, construction land, and ecological land from 1995 to 2015 in Jiangsu Province of eastern China. The ecological disturbance was quantificationally evaluated by a proposed index that considered both the changes of habitat area and fragmentation caused by the losses and gains of ecological landscape patches. The findings showed that there was a slight increase in area of ecological land in Jiangsu Province; however, ecological fragmentation was becoming severe with the growth of human land use, which, in turn, resulted in increased ecological disturbance. The losses and gains in the area and fragmentation of ecological land were comprehensively reflected using the proposed ecological disturbance index. Negative ecological disturbance was more likely to be observed at the edge of the city centers, ecologically sensitive areas, and counties with low area ratios of ecological land. Ecological governance policies should be formulated and implemented based on quantity, quality, and spatial relationships between human land use and ecological disturbance.
了解人类土地利用在何处以及如何导致生态后果对于栖息地保护至关重要。然而，对人类土地利用造成的生态干扰的评估通常受到生态用地面积变化的影响。基于生态斑块的得失对生态干扰进行综合评估往往被忽视。本文分析了 1995 年至 2015 年期间中国东部江苏省农业用地、建设用地和生态用地之间的土地利用变化。通过提出的考虑到生态景观斑块得失引起的栖息地面积和破碎化变化的指数，定量评估了生态干扰。研究结果表明，江苏省生态用地面积略有增加；然而，随着人类土地利用的增长，生态破碎化变得更加严重，这反过来又导致生态干扰增加。该提议的生态干扰指数综合反映了生态用地面积和破碎化的得失。在城市中心边缘、生态敏感区和生态用地面积比例较低的县，更有可能出现负向的生态干扰。应该根据人类土地利用和生态干扰之间的数量、质量和空间关系，制定和实施生态治理政策。
