School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 5;17(5):1702. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051702.
The unreasonable land use in rapid urbanization areas induced by large-scale urban construction activities have caused massive ecological issues. In this study, landscape vulnerability index () and landscape human interference index () were originally addressed and calculated using multi-temporal land-use data from 2000 to 2015. Then, the spatial-temporal relationship assessment model of landscape fragility caused by human activities were constructed for each county of Jiangsu Province, China, so as to analyze the spatial distribution of landscape vulnerability and determine the impacts of artificial disturbance on landscape vulnerability. The results showed: (1) The number of counties with middle and high landscape vulnerability increased from 20 in 2000 to 27 in 2015 with a peak value (33) in 2010. (2) Counties with high-intensity human activities showed an upward trend. (3) Land use generally has a significant and diverse impact on landscape vulnerability. At the county level, the was positively correlated with the before 2010 and was followed by a negative correlation of them. As concluded from this study, a total of four sub-regions (continuous benefit zones, variable benefit zones, continuous harmful zones, and variable harmful zones) have been identified for sustainable landscape management in the future. (4) The suggests that the landscape vulnerability in Jiangsu did not continue to deteriorate in the study period. Further, accelerated land exploitation has produced a positive impact on regional economic development and ecological protection. This study provided an effective method set for analyzing the environmental impacts caused by human activities and promoting future ecosystem management in coastal areas.
快速城市化地区由于大规模城市建设活动导致的不合理土地利用，引发了大量生态问题。本研究利用 2000 年至 2015 年多时相土地利用数据，对景观脆弱性指数（）和景观人类干扰指数（）进行了原始计算，然后构建了人类活动引起景观破碎化的时空关系评价模型，对江苏省各县的景观脆弱性进行了空间分布分析，确定了人为干扰对景观脆弱性的影响。结果表明：（1）景观脆弱性中、高值区的县数从 2000 年的 20 个增加到 2015 年的 27 个，2010 年达到峰值（33 个）。（2）高强度人类活动的县数呈上升趋势。（3）土地利用对景观脆弱性普遍具有显著而多样的影响。在县级水平上，在 2010 年之前，与呈正相关，之后呈负相关。综上所述，本研究共识别出四个亚区（连续受益区、变化受益区、连续受损区和变化受损区），为未来的可持续景观管理提供了依据。（4）表明在研究期间，江苏的景观脆弱性没有继续恶化。此外，加速土地开发对区域经济发展和生态保护产生了积极影响。本研究为分析人类活动引起的环境影响和促进沿海地区未来生态系统管理提供了有效的方法。
