Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 May 21;64(6). doi: 10.1128/AAC.02323-19.
Probiotics might provide an alternative approach for the control of oral candidiasis. However, studies on the antifungal activity of probiotics in the oral cavity are based on the consumption of yogurt or other dietary products, and it is necessary to use appropriate biomaterials and specific strains to obtain probiotic formulations targeted for local oral administration. In this study, we impregnated gellan gum, a natural biopolymer used as a food additive, with a probiotic and investigated its antifungal activity against 28.4, a strain recently isolated from the oral cavity of a caries-free individual, was incorporated in several concentrations of gellan gum (0.6% to 1% [wt/vol]). All tested concentrations could incorporate cells while maintaining bacterial viability. Probiotic-gellan gum formulations were stable for 7 days when stored at room temperature or 4°C. Long-term storage of bacterium-impregnated gellan gum was achieved when 28.4 was lyophilized. The probiotic-gellan gum formulations provided a release of cells over 24 h that was sufficient to inhibit the growth of , with effects dependent on the cell concentrations incorporated into gellan gum. The probiotic-gellan gum formulations also had inhibitory activity against sp. biofilms by reducing the number of sp. cells ( < 0.0001), decreasing the total biomass ( = 0.0003), and impairing hyphae formation ( = 0.0002), compared to the control group which received no treatment. Interestingly, a probiotic formulation of 1% (wt/vol) gellan gum provided an oral colonization of in mice with approximately 6 log CFU/ml after 10 days. This formulation inhibited growth ( < 0.0001), prevented the development of candidiasis lesions ( = 0.0013), and suppressed inflammation ( = 0.0006) compared to the mice not treated in the microscopic analysis of the tongue dorsum. These results indicate that gellan gum is a promising biomaterial and can be used as a carrier system to promote oral colonization for probiotics that prevent oral candidiasis.
益生菌可能为控制口腔念珠菌病提供一种替代方法。然而，关于益生菌在口腔中的抗真菌活性的研究基于酸奶或其他饮食产品的消耗，并且有必要使用适当的生物材料和特定的菌株来获得针对局部口腔给药的益生菌配方。在这项研究中，我们用一种天然生物聚合物——用作食品添加剂的结冷胶——浸渍益生菌，并研究其对 28.4 的抗真菌活性，28.4 是最近从无龋个体口腔中分离出来的一株菌，以不同浓度（0.6%至 1%[重量/体积]）掺入结冷胶。所有测试浓度都可以掺入 细胞，同时保持细菌活力。当在室温或 4°C 下储存时，益生菌-结冷胶制剂在 7 天内保持稳定。当将 28.4 冻干时，可以实现细菌浸渍结冷胶的长期储存。益生菌-结冷胶制剂在 24 小时内释放了 细胞，足以抑制 的生长，其效果取决于掺入结冷胶的细胞浓度。与未接受治疗的对照组相比，益生菌-结冷胶制剂对 sp.生物膜也具有抑制活性，通过减少 sp.细胞数量（<0.0001）、减少总生物量（=0.0003）和破坏菌丝形成（=0.0002）。有趣的是，与对照组相比，1%（重量/体积）结冷胶的益生菌制剂在 10 天后可在小鼠口腔中定植约 6 对数 CFU/ml 的 。该制剂抑制 的生长（<0.0001），防止念珠菌病病变的发展（=0.0013），并抑制炎症（=0.0006），与未经治疗的小鼠在舌背的显微镜分析中相比。这些结果表明，结冷胶是一种很有前途的生物材料，可以用作载体系统来促进预防口腔念珠菌病的益生菌在口腔中的定植。
