College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China.
Research Centre for Soft Energy Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(17):20984-20999. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08437-5. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
Environment-biased technological progress plays a critical role in carbon reduction, while the association among environment-biased technological progress, energy consumption, and carbon emissions has not been paid enough attention. Working with a unique spatial panel dataset of APEC economies spanning the 2000-2017 period, we employed the nonspatial panel model and the spatial panel model to investigate the role of fossil energy (FE) and clean energy (CE) consumption in carbon dioxide (CO) abatement through environment-biased technological progress (EBTP). We decomposed EBTP into both emission-reducing biased technological progress (ErBTP) and energy-saving biased technological progress (EsBTP). The results show that the direct effect of EBTP on CO emissions was significantly negative and that the direct effect of ErBTP was significantly larger than that of EsBTP. EBTP reduced CO emissions through CE consumption, whereas it increased CO emissions through FE consumption, that is, EBTP had a "backfire effect" on FE consumption. More into detail, ErBTP had a larger effect on CO emissions in developing economies, while EsBTP played a more important role in developed economies. Furthermore, the results of the robustness test were consistent with our findings. Finally, several policy options were suggested to reduce CO emissions in APEC economies.
环境偏向型技术进步在碳减排中起着关键作用，然而，环境偏向型技术进步、能源消耗和碳排放之间的关系尚未得到足够的重视。我们利用 APEC 经济体 2000-2017 年期间独特的空间面板数据集，采用非空间面板模型和空间面板模型，研究了化石能源（FE）和清洁能源（CE）消耗通过环境偏向型技术进步（EBTP）对二氧化碳（CO）减排的作用。我们将 EBTP 分解为减排偏向技术进步（ErBTP）和节能偏向技术进步（EsBTP）。结果表明，EBTP 对 CO 排放的直接效应显著为负，而 ErBTP 的直接效应显著大于 EsBTP。EBTP 通过 CE 消耗减少 CO 排放，而通过 FE 消耗增加 CO 排放，即 EBTP 对 FE 消耗具有“逆火效应”。更详细地说，ErBTP 对发展中经济体的 CO 排放影响更大，而 EsBTP 在发达经济体中发挥着更重要的作用。此外，稳健性检验的结果与我们的发现一致。最后，提出了一些政策选择，以减少 APEC 经济体的 CO 排放。
