Rinoldi Chiara, Kijeńska Ewa, Chlanda Adrian, Choinska Emilia, Khenoussi Nabyl, Tamayol Ali, Khademhosseini Ali, Swieszkowski Wojciech
Materials Design Division, Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland.
J Mater Chem B. 2018 May 21;6(19):3116-3127. doi: 10.1039/c8tb00246k. Epub 2018 Apr 27.
Tissue engineering holds great potential in the production of functional substitutes to restore, maintain or improve the functionality in defective or lost tissues. So far, a great variety of techniques and approaches for fabrication of scaffolds have been developed and evaluated, allowing researchers to tailor precisely the morphological, chemical and mechanical features of the final constructs. Electrospinning of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers is a popular method for producing homogeneous nanofibrous structures, which might reproduce the nanosized organization of the tendons. Moreover, composite scaffolds obtained by incorporating nanoparticles within electrospun fibers have been lately explored in order to enhance the properties and the functionalities of the pristine polymeric constructs. The present study is focused on the design and fabrication of biocompatible electrospun nanocomposite fibrous scaffolds for tendon regeneration. A mixture of poly(amide 6) and poly(caprolactone) is electrospun to generate constructs with mechanical properties comparable to that of native tendons. To improve the biological activity of the constructs and modify their topography, wettability, stiffness and degradation rate, we incorporated silica particles into the electrospun substrates. The use of nanosize silica particles enables us to form bead-on-fiber topography, allowing the better exposure of ceramic particles to better profit their beneficial characteristics. In vitro biocompatibility studies using L929 fibroblasts demonstrated that the presence of 20 wt% of silica nanoparticles in the engineered scaffolds enhanced cell spreading and proliferation as well as extracellular matrix deposition. The results reveal that the electrospun nanocomposite scaffold represents an interesting candidate for tendon tissue engineering.
组织工程在生产功能性替代物以恢复、维持或改善有缺陷或缺失组织的功能方面具有巨大潜力。到目前为止，已经开发并评估了多种用于制造支架的技术和方法，使研究人员能够精确调整最终构建体的形态、化学和机械特性。生物相容性和可生物降解聚合物的静电纺丝是一种用于生产均匀纳米纤维结构的常用方法，这种结构可能重现肌腱的纳米级组织结构。此外，最近还探索了通过在静电纺丝纤维中掺入纳米颗粒而获得的复合支架，以增强原始聚合物构建体的性能和功能。本研究聚焦于用于肌腱再生的生物相容性静电纺丝纳米复合纤维支架的设计与制造。将聚酰胺6和聚己内酯的混合物进行静电纺丝，以生成具有与天然肌腱相当机械性能的构建体。为了提高构建体的生物活性并改变其形貌、润湿性、硬度和降解速率，我们将二氧化硅颗粒掺入静电纺丝基质中。使用纳米尺寸的二氧化硅颗粒使我们能够形成纤维上带珠的形貌，使陶瓷颗粒能更好地暴露，从而更好地利用它们的有益特性。使用L929成纤维细胞进行的体外生物相容性研究表明，在工程化支架中存在20 wt%的二氧化硅纳米颗粒可增强细胞铺展和增殖以及细胞外基质沉积。结果表明，静电纺丝纳米复合支架是肌腱组织工程中一个有吸引力的候选材料。
