Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Department of Life Sciences, CRDAV Girls College, Ellenabad, Haryana, India.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2020 Sep-Oct;39(7):628-635. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1718031. Epub 2020 Apr 7.
seeds are the most concealed oil seeds consist of vital therapeutic potential. Apart from nutritional and therapeutic indices, these seeds contain numerous anti-nutritional components. Hence, solid-state fermentation was used as an alternative biotechnological contrivance to enhance the nutritional and functional properties of seeds. Fungal strain was used for solid-state fermentation and uncoated watermelon seeds were used as a substrate for 144h. The range of bulk density was obtained from 0.39 to 0.72 g/cm, however, fermentation significantly decreased the bulk density of the seed flours. Based upon soluble nitrogen content (79.81%) and functional properties, fermented seed samples of 120h was selected for FTIR analysis and in-vitro mineral bioavailability through Caco-2 cells. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of amide groups (1200-1100 cm) of the protein. Fermented seeds also unveiled significantly (<0.05) higher iron (61.24%), zinc (62.36%), and calcium (61.89%) bioavailability and this significant increase in bioavailability confirmed significantly (<0.05) higher cellular mineral uptake.
种子是最隐蔽的油籽，具有重要的治疗潜力。除了营养和治疗指数外，这些种子还含有许多抗营养成分。因此，固态发酵被用作一种替代生物技术手段，以提高种子的营养价值和功能特性。使用真菌菌株进行固态发酵，未涂层的西瓜种子作为发酵底物，发酵时间为 144 小时。种子粉的堆积密度范围为 0.39 至 0.72 g/cm3，但发酵显著降低了种子粉的堆积密度。根据可溶性氮含量（79.81%）和功能特性，选择发酵 120 小时的种子样品进行傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）分析和通过 Caco-2 细胞的体外矿物质生物利用度研究。FTIR 光谱证实了蛋白质酰胺基团（1200-1100 cm）的存在。发酵后的种子的铁（61.24%）、锌（62.36%）和钙（61.89%）生物利用率显著提高（<0.05），这种生物利用度的显著提高证实了细胞内矿物质摄取的显著增加（<0.05）。
