Gender and Low Albumin and Oxygen Levels are Risk Factors for Perioperative Pneumonia in Geriatric Hip Fracture Patients.

INTRODUCTION

Pneumonia is a serious complication following hip fracture and is the primary risk factor for 30-day mortality after surgery. Modifying several laboratory factors may improve the outcomes of fragile hip fracture patients who are 80 years or older.

PURPOSE

To investigate several adjustable factors for perioperative pneumonia in order to improve patient prognosis and reduce mortality.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed in-hospital hip fracture data from patients who were 80 years or over between January 1, 2014, and November 31, 2014, from Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: perioperative pneumonia (POP) group and non-perioperative pneumonia (non-POP) group. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors. Statistical significance was set at 5% (p<0.05).

RESULTS

The incidence of perioperative pneumonia (POP) in patients 80 years and older was 11.3% (33/293). Male patients had a higher incidence of POP (20/96 cases, 20.83%) compared to females (13/197, 6.6%)(P<0.001). Higher neutrophilic granulocyte percentages (78.148%±9.162% in POP vs 81.959%±6.142% in Non-POP, P=0.033) and lower albumin levels (χ=2.25, P=0.039) were observed in the POP group at baseline. After multivariate logistic regression, we observed that males (OR=3.402, P=0.048), lower albumin levels (OR=10.16, P=0.001) and PaO2 levels (OR=2.916, P=0.007) were independent risk factors for POP.

CONCLUSION

Low albumin and oxygen levels and the male gender were risk factors for perioperative pneumonia in geriatric hip fracture patients.