Lenzoni Sabrina, Morris Robin G, Mograbi Daniel C
Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2020 Mar 17;11:465. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00465. eCollection 2020.
Lack of awareness about disease, its symptoms and consequences, also termed anosognosia, is a common feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been hypothesized that memory disorder may be a key contributing factor to anosognosia, with people with AD not being able to update their personal information about performance and relying on older consolidated material about ability. This potentially outdated sense of self has been named, as a metaphor, the petrified self. In the current review, evidence from the past 10 years in relation to this concept is critically appraised. In particular, focus is given to empirical evidence produced on anterograde memory deficits about performance, the profile of autobiographical retrograde memory loss and the role of frontal lobes in anosognosia in AD. Finally, wider consequences of this metaphor for the understanding of selfhood in dementia are discussed.
对疾病及其症状和后果缺乏认知，也称为疾病失认症，是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的一个常见特征。有假说认为，记忆障碍可能是导致疾病失认症的一个关键因素，AD患者无法更新关于自身表现的个人信息，而是依赖于关于自身能力的旧有巩固材料。这种潜在过时的自我认知被形象地称为“石化自我”。在当前这篇综述中，对过去10年中与这一概念相关的证据进行了批判性评估。特别关注了关于表现的顺行性记忆缺陷、自传体逆行性记忆丧失的特征以及额叶在AD患者疾病失认症中的作用所产生的实证证据。最后，讨论了这个比喻对于理解痴呆症中自我认知的更广泛影响。
