Färber Leonie, van Gemert Rob, Langangen Øystein, Durant Joël M, Andersen Ken H
Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
Centre for Ocean Life, National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU-Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 202, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
R Soc Open Sci. 2020 Feb 26;7(2):192011. doi: 10.1098/rsos.192011. eCollection 2020 Feb.
The recruitment and biomass of a fish stock are influenced by their environmental conditions and anthropogenic pressures such as fishing. The variability in the environment often translates into fluctuations in recruitment, which then propagate throughout the stock biomass. In order to manage fish stocks sustainably, it is necessary to understand their dynamics. Here, we systematically explore the dynamics and sensitivity of fish stock recruitment and biomass to environmental noise. Using an age-structured and trait-based model, we explore random noise (white noise) and autocorrelated noise (red noise) in combination with low to high levels of harvesting. We determine the vital rates of stocks covering a wide range of possible body mass (size) growth rates and asymptotic size parameter combinations. Our study indicates that the variability of stock recruitment and biomass are probably correlated with the stock's asymptotic size and growth rate. We find that fast-growing and large-sized fish stocks are likely to be less vulnerable to disturbances than slow-growing and small-sized fish stocks. We show how the natural variability in fish stocks is amplified by fishing, not just for one stock but for a broad range of fish life histories.
鱼类种群的补充量和生物量受其环境条件以及诸如捕捞等人为压力的影响。环境的变异性常常转化为补充量的波动，进而在整个种群生物量中扩散。为了可持续地管理鱼类种群，有必要了解它们的动态变化。在此，我们系统地探究了鱼类种群补充量和生物量对环境噪声的动态变化及敏感性。使用一个年龄结构和基于性状的模型，我们结合低到高的捕捞水平，探究了随机噪声（白噪声）和自相关噪声（红噪声）。我们确定了涵盖广泛可能体重（大小）生长率和渐近大小参数组合的种群的关键率。我们的研究表明，种群补充量和生物量的变异性可能与种群的渐近大小和生长率相关。我们发现，快速生长且体型大的鱼类种群可能比生长缓慢且体型小的鱼类种群更不易受到干扰。我们展示了鱼类种群的自然变异性如何因捕捞而放大，这不仅适用于一个种群，而且适用于广泛的鱼类生活史。
