Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Nursing, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan.
Oral Oncol. 2020 Jun;105:104669. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104669. Epub 2020 Apr 4.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection drives carcinogenesis in the oropharynx. No standard sampling or HPV detection methods for evaluating oropharyngeal HPV infection exist. The prevalence of oral HPV infection in Japan is unknown.
We examined 435 healthy Japanese individuals to address whether adding tonsillar washing to oral gargling would improve HPV detection. We compared HPV assessment using GENOSEARCH HPV31 versus nested PCR and direct sequencing. Associations between HPV infection and demographic and behavioral characteristics were examined.
Most participants who were HPV-positive based on oral gargles were also HPV-positive based on tonsillar washings: 11 (64.7%) of 17 on nested PCR and 12 (70.6%) of 17 on GENOSEARCH HPV31. Although HPV infection was more prevalent in oral gargles followed by tonsillar washings than in oral gargles alone, the difference was not statistically significant (nested PCR, 4.8% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.46; GENOSEARCH HPV31, 5.3% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.33). The overall agreement between nested PCR and GENOSEARCH HPV31 was 98.6%, with 76.0% positive agreement. The overall prevalence of oral HPV infection in Japan was 5.7% (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.3%). Men had a significantly higher prevalence of oral HPV infection than women (8.3% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.02). Infection increased with number of lifetime sexual partners (P < 0.001 for trend).
The oropharynx is probably the major source of HPV-infected cells in oral gargles. Oral gargling could be a standard sampling method for evaluating oropharyngeal HPV infection. GENOSEARCH HPV31 could be an option for oral HPV detection.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染可引发口咽癌。目前尚无用于评估口咽 HPV 感染的标准采样或 HPV 检测方法。日本人群口腔 HPV 感染的流行情况尚不清楚。
我们对 435 名健康的日本人进行了研究，以确定在进行口腔漱口时增加扁桃体冲洗是否会提高 HPV 检测的阳性率。我们比较了使用 GENOSEARCH HPV31 与巢式 PCR 和直接测序进行 HPV 评估的结果。同时，我们还分析了 HPV 感染与人口统计学和行为特征之间的相关性。
根据口腔冲洗的结果，大多数 HPV 阳性的参与者也在扁桃体冲洗中检测到 HPV 阳性：巢式 PCR 结果阳性者 17 例中有 11 例（64.7%），GENOSEARCH HPV31 结果阳性者 17 例中有 12 例（70.6%）。虽然在进行口腔冲洗后联合扁桃体冲洗比单独进行口腔冲洗的 HPV 感染率更高，但差异无统计学意义（巢式 PCR，4.8% vs. 3.9%，P=0.46；GENOSEARCH HPV31，5.3% vs. 3.9%，P=0.33）。巢式 PCR 与 GENOSEARCH HPV31 的总体一致性为 98.6%，阳性符合率为 76.0%。日本人群的口腔 HPV 总感染率为 5.7%（95%可信区间，3.9%-8.3%）。男性的口腔 HPV 感染率显著高于女性（8.3% vs. 2.6%，P=0.02）。感染率随终生性伴侣数量的增加而升高（趋势 P<0.001）。
口咽部可能是口腔漱口液中 HPV 感染细胞的主要来源。口腔漱口液可能是评估口咽 HPV 感染的标准采样方法。GENOSEARCH HPV31 可能是口腔 HPV 检测的一种选择。
