Hu Hailong
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Research Center in Intelligent Thermal Structures for Aerospace, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Chem. 2020 Mar 20;8:203. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00203. eCollection 2020.
The ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nowadays has been receiving enormous attention in both biomaterial research and clinical diagnosis. MRI contrast agents are generally comprising of T-weighted and T-weighted contrast agent types, where T-weighted contrast agents show positive contrast enhancement with brighter images by decreasing the proton's longitudinal relaxation times and T-weighted contrast agents show negative contrast enhancement with darker images by decreasing the proton's transverse relaxation times. To meet the incredible demand of MRI, ultra-high-field T MRI is gradually attracting the attention of research and medical needs owing to its high resolution and high accuracy for detection. It is anticipated that high field MRI contrast agents can achieve high performance in MRI imaging, where parameters of chemical composition, molecular structure and size of varied contrast agents show contrasted influence in each specific diagnostic test. This review firstly presents the recent advances of nanoparticle contrast agents for MRI. Moreover, multimodal molecular imaging with MRI for better monitoring is discussed during biological process. To fasten the process of developing better contrast agents, deep learning of artificial intelligent (AI) can be well-integrated into optimizing the crucial parameters of nanoparticle contrast agents and achieving high resolution MRI prior to the clinical applications. Finally, prospects and challenges are summarized.
如今，超高场磁共振成像（MRI）在生物材料研究和临床诊断中都受到了极大的关注。MRI造影剂通常包括T加权和T加权造影剂类型，其中T加权造影剂通过缩短质子的纵向弛豫时间显示出正性对比增强，图像更亮；而T加权造影剂通过缩短质子的横向弛豫时间显示出负性对比增强，图像更暗。为了满足MRI令人难以置信的需求，超高场T MRI因其高分辨率和高检测准确性而逐渐引起研究和医疗需求的关注。预计高场MRI造影剂在MRI成像中能实现高性能，其中不同造影剂的化学成分、分子结构和尺寸参数在每个特定诊断测试中都显示出不同的影响。本文首先介绍了用于MRI的纳米颗粒造影剂的最新进展。此外，还讨论了在生物过程中利用MRI进行更好监测的多模态分子成像。为了加快开发更好造影剂的进程，人工智能（AI）的深度学习可以很好地整合到优化纳米颗粒造影剂的关键参数以及在临床应用之前实现高分辨率MRI中。最后，总结了前景和挑战。
