Taysi K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. John's Mercy Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1988 Jun;15(2):167-78.
Women who have a greater chance of having a high-risk pregnancy can benefit most from counseling before pregnancy occurs. These women include older individuals, those with recurrent pregnancy loss, members of specific ethnic groups, those exposed to potential teratogenic agents, patients with metabolic or genetic diseases, and those with an obstetric history of isoimmunization, previous cesarean section, or preterm delivery. Preconceptional counseling is an extension of prenatal care intended to minimize the maternal and fetal risk, to prevent birth defects, and to provide high-risk women with information about the risk and available options. Most of these options are viable only if the patient is aware of their availability before attempting conception. It is the physician's responsibility to provide preconceptional counseling to such women or to refer them to centers where such counseling services are available.
有较高高危妊娠风险的女性在怀孕前接受咨询能获益最多。这些女性包括年龄较大者、有反复流产史者、特定族裔群体成员、接触过潜在致畸剂者、患有代谢或遗传疾病的患者，以及有血型不合免疫、既往剖宫产或早产产科病史者。孕前咨询是产前护理的延伸，旨在将母婴风险降至最低，预防出生缺陷，并为高危女性提供有关风险及可用选择的信息。只有患者在尝试受孕前知晓这些选择的存在，其中大多数选择才可行。为这类女性提供孕前咨询或转介她们至提供此类咨询服务的中心是医生的职责。
