Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1245:97-131. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_5.
Cancer cells evolve in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by the acquisition of characteristics that allow them to initiate their passage through a series of events that constitute the metastatic cascade. For this purpose, tumor cells maintain a crosstalk with TME non-neoplastic cells transforming them into their allies. "Corrupted" cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) as well as neoplastic cells express and secrete matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, TME metabolic conditions such as hypoxia and acidification induce MMPs' synthesis in both cancer and stromal cells. MMPs' participation in TME consists in promoting events, for example, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis resistance, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. MMPs also facilitate tumor cell migration through the basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the present chapter is to discuss MMPs' contribution to the evolution of cancer cells, their cellular origin, and their influence in the main processes that take place in the TME.
癌细胞通过获得允许其通过一系列构成转移级联的事件的特征，在肿瘤微环境（TME）中进化。为此，肿瘤细胞与 TME 非肿瘤细胞保持着一种串扰关系，将它们转化为自己的盟友。“腐败”细胞（如癌相关成纤维细胞[CAF]、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞[TAM]和肿瘤相关中性粒细胞[TAN]）以及肿瘤细胞表达和分泌基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）。此外，TME 的代谢条件（如缺氧和酸化）会诱导肿瘤细胞和基质细胞合成 MMPs。MMPs 在 TME 中的参与包括促进上皮-间充质转化（EMT）、抗凋亡、血管生成和淋巴管生成等事件。MMPs 还通过基底膜（BM）和细胞外基质（ECM）促进肿瘤细胞迁移。本章的目的是讨论 MMPs 对癌细胞进化、细胞起源及其在 TME 中发生的主要过程中的影响。
