Nardi Adriana Lüdke, Frankenberg Anize Delfino von, Franzosi Oellen Stuani, Santo Lilian Córdova do Espírito
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. R. São Manoel 963, Santa Cecília. 90620-110 Porto Alegre RS Brasil.
Curso de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre RS Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2020 Mar;25(4):1445-1462. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232020254.20382018. Epub 2018 Aug 12.
Breastfeeding is considered the ideal feeding method early in life. Despite the scientific evidence, the worldwide prevalence of breastfeeding is low. Maternal work is pointed out as one of the obstacles to maintain this practice. To systematically review studies that evaluated the association between institutional aspects and breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding among working women. A literature search until June 2016 was carried out using PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO (MeSH terms: breastfeeding, workplace and observational study). Eighteen observational studies were included. A positive association with breastfeeding were found for later or not return to work, part-time work, availability or the use of lactation room, breast pumping breaks, professional advice on maintaining breastfeeding after returning to work, and attendance at breastfeeding support program. A negative association with breastfeeding was shown for full-time work. Simple interventions in the workplace and some changes in company policy to encourage breastfeeding can positively influence its maintenance after women return to work.
母乳喂养被认为是生命早期的理想喂养方式。尽管有科学依据，但全球母乳喂养的普及率较低。产妇工作被指出是维持这种做法的障碍之一。系统评价评估工作场所因素与职业女性母乳喂养及纯母乳喂养之间关联的研究。使用PubMed、LILACS和SciELO进行了截至2016年6月的文献检索（医学主题词：母乳喂养、工作场所和观察性研究）。纳入了18项观察性研究。结果发现，晚回归或不回归工作、兼职工作、哺乳室的可用性或使用情况、吸奶休息时间、重返工作岗位后维持母乳喂养的专业建议以及参加母乳喂养支持项目与母乳喂养呈正相关。全职工作与母乳喂养呈负相关。工作场所的简单干预措施以及公司政策的一些改变以鼓励母乳喂养，可对女性重返工作岗位后维持母乳喂养产生积极影响。
