Honarvar Behnam, Gheibi Zahra, Asadollahi Abdolrahim, Bahadori Farzaneh, Khaksar Elahe, Rabiey Faradonbeh Maryam, Farjami Mohammad
Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020 Mar;53(2):89-97. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.19.210. Epub 2019 Dec 30.
The quality of life (QoL) of the elderly and elder abuse are growing public health concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of abuse and the association between QoL and abuse in older adults.
Multistage random cluster sampling, along with valid QoL (LEIPAD: LEIden, the Netherlands; PADua, Italy; Helsinki, Finland) and abuse questionnaires, were used to assess QoL and elder abuse. Path analysis was performed using Mplus. SPSS and AMOS were used for the other analyses.
A total of 386 elderly individuals with a mean age of 68.00±6.10 years were interviewed, of whom 200 (51.8%), 289 (74.9%), and 376 (97.4%) were women, educated, and married, respectively. Moreover, 167 (43.2%) had low-to-moderate QoL, and 108 (27.9%) had experienced a moderate level of abuse. QoL and abuse were inversely associated (r=-0.253), with men (β=-0.24) more affected than women (β=-0.21). Musculoskeletal disorders were also strong determinants of QoL in the elderly. QoL was strongly associated with emotional abuse, while abuse was highly related to the social component of QoL. Furthermore, emotional abuse was the type of abuse most significantly associated with the self-care, depression/anxiety, cognitive, and social components of QoL. Sexual abuse, violation of personal rights, and neglect were the main determinants of the physical functioning, life satisfaction, and sexual domains of QoL, respectively.
Nearly half of the elderly individuals lacked a high QoL, and at least one-fourth had experienced some form of abuse. Elder abuse was correlated inversely with QoL. Therefore, preventive interventions are recommended to decrease elder abuse in the family, community, and other settings.
老年人的生活质量（QoL）和虐待老人问题日益引起公众对健康的关注。本研究旨在评估老年人虐待行为的发生率以及生活质量与虐待行为之间的关联。
采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，同时使用有效的生活质量问卷（LEIPAD：荷兰莱顿；意大利帕多瓦；芬兰赫尔辛基）和虐待行为问卷来评估生活质量和虐待老人情况。使用Mplus进行路径分析。其他分析则使用SPSS和AMOS。
共访谈了386名平均年龄为68.00±6.10岁的老年人，其中女性、受过教育和已婚的人数分别为200人（51.8%）、289人（74.9%）和376人（97.4%）。此外，167人（43.2%）生活质量为低至中等，108人（27.9%）曾经历过中等程度的虐待。生活质量与虐待行为呈负相关（r=-0.253），男性（β=-0.24）比女性（β=-0.21）受影响更大。肌肉骨骼疾病也是老年人生活质量的重要决定因素。生活质量与情感虐待密切相关，而虐待行为与生活质量的社会维度高度相关。此外，情感虐待是与生活质量的自我护理、抑郁/焦虑、认知和社会维度最显著相关的虐待类型。性虐待、侵犯个人权利和忽视分别是生活质量的身体功能、生活满意度和性方面的主要决定因素。
近一半的老年人生活质量不高，至少四分之一的老年人曾经历过某种形式的虐待。虐待老人与生活质量呈负相关。因此，建议采取预防性干预措施，以减少家庭、社区和其他环境中的虐待老人行为。
