Oh Hyang Soon, Yang Youngran, Ryu Mikyung
Department of Nursing, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea.
Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University College of Nursing, Jeonju, Korea.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020 Mar;53(2):106-116. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.19.251. Epub 2020 Feb 9.
This study aimed to develop a valid social contact survey instrument and to verify its feasibility for use among Korean adults.
The Delphi technique was used to develop an instrument to assess social contacts, which was then applied in a cross-sectional pilot study. A panel of 15 medical professionals reviewed the feasibility and validity of each item. The minimum content validity ratio was 0.49. Thirty participants used the developed measure to record contacts during a 24-hour period.
After a systematic review, the survey instrument (parts I and II) was developed. Part I assessed social contact patterns over a 24-hour period, and part II assessed perceptions of contacts in daily life and preventive behaviors (hand hygiene and coughing etiquette). High validity and feasibility were found. In the pilot study, the 30 participants had a combined total of 198 contacts (mean, 6.6 daily contacts per person). The participants' age (p=0.012), occupation (p<0.001), household size (p<0.001), education (p<0.001), personal income (p=0.003), and household income (p<0.001) were significantly associated with the number of contacts. Contacts at home, of long duration, and of daily frequency were relatively likely to be physical. Assortative mixing was observed between individuals in their 20s and 50s. Contact type differed by location, duration, and frequency (p<0.001).
The developed social contact survey instrument demonstrated high validity and feasibility, suggesting that it is viable for implementation.
本研究旨在开发一种有效的社会接触调查工具，并验证其在韩国成年人中使用的可行性。
采用德尔菲技术开发一种评估社会接触的工具，然后将其应用于一项横断面试点研究。由15名医学专业人员组成的小组对每个项目的可行性和有效性进行了评估。最低内容效度比为0.49。30名参与者使用开发的测量方法记录24小时内的接触情况。
经过系统评价，开发出了调查工具（第一部分和第二部分）。第一部分评估24小时内的社会接触模式，第二部分评估对日常生活中接触的认知以及预防行为（手部卫生和咳嗽礼仪）。发现该工具具有较高的效度和可行性。在试点研究中，30名参与者总共进行了198次接触（平均每人每天6.6次接触）。参与者的年龄（p = 0.012）、职业（p < 0.001）、家庭规模（p < 0.001）、教育程度（p < 0.001）、个人收入（p = 0.003）和家庭收入（p < 0.001）与接触次数显著相关。在家中的接触、持续时间长的接触和每天都有的接触相对更可能是身体接触。观察到20多岁和50多岁的人之间存在同类相聚现象。接触类型因地点、持续时间和频率而异（p < 0.001）。
开发的社会接触调查工具显示出较高的效度和可行性，表明其可实施性良好。
