Gerreth Karolina, Opydo-Szymaczek Justyna, Borysewicz-Lewicka Maria
Department of Risk Group Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznan, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2020 Apr 6;9(4):1031. doi: 10.3390/jcm9041031.
Data concerning the prevalence of developmental enamel defects and their association with dental caries in individuals with intellectual disability are scarce. This paper aims to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of developmental enamel defects and dental caries in the permanent dentition of special-care school children from Poznan (Poland). Out of 1091 students attending all special-care schools in the city, the study covered 268 subjects with intellectual disability (mild, moderate, severe, and profound) with permanent dentition, aged 10-20. One calibrated dentist performed dental examinations. The Statistica Software v10 was used for statistical analysis, assuming the level of statistical significance ≤ 0.05. Among the subjects of the study, 19.40% presented developmental enamel defects. The number of teeth with changes ranged from 1 to 28, with maxillary incisors most frequently affected. Students without developmental enamel defects had more teeth observed with active caries compared to those with such changes (10.92% vs. 7.82%, < 0.01). The highest number of students with developmental defects of enamel was observed in the group of individuals with mild intellectual disabilities. The present study revealed that in special-care students from Poznan, enamel defects and dental caries were frequently observed. However, individuals with developmental enamel defects did not show higher dental caries indices.
关于智力残疾个体中发育性釉质缺陷的患病率及其与龋齿的关联的数据很少。本文旨在评估波兰波兹南特殊护理学校儿童恒牙列中发育性釉质缺陷和龋齿的患病率及分布情况。在该市所有特殊护理学校的1091名学生中，该研究涵盖了268名患有智力残疾（轻度、中度、重度和极重度）且有恒牙列的10至20岁个体。由一名经过校准的牙医进行牙科检查。使用Statistica软件v10进行统计分析，设定统计显著性水平≤0.05。在研究对象中，19.40%存在发育性釉质缺陷。有变化的牙齿数量从1颗到28颗不等，其中上颌切牙最常受到影响。与有发育性釉质缺陷的学生相比，没有此类缺陷的学生观察到的患活动性龋齿的牙齿更多（10.92%对7.82%，P<0.01）。在轻度智力残疾个体组中观察到的发育性釉质缺陷学生数量最多。本研究表明，在波兹南的特殊护理学生中，釉质缺陷和龋齿很常见。然而，有发育性釉质缺陷的个体并未表现出更高的龋齿指数。
