Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Methylcellulose Hydrogels Enable the Co-delivery of Chondroitinase ABC and Neural Progenitor Cells.

A hydrogel that can deliver both proteins and cells enables the local microenvironment of transplanted cells to be manipulated with a single injection. Toward this goal, we designed a hydrogel suitable for the co-delivery of neural stem cells and chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), a potent enzyme that degrades the glial scar that forms after central nervous system (CNS) injury. We leveraged the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction between norbornene and methylphenyltetrazine to form rapidly gelling (<15 min) crosslinked methylcellulose (MC) hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH, with Young's modulus similar to that of brain tissue (1-3 kPa), and degradable, disulfide-containing crosslinkers. To achieve tunable, affinity-controlled release of a ChABC-Src homology 3 (SH3) fusion protein, we immobilized norbornene-functionalized SH3-binding peptides onto MC-methylphenyltetrazine and observed release of bioactive ChABC-SH3 over 4 days. We confirmed cytocompatibility by evaluating neural progenitor cell survival and proliferation. The combined encapsulation of neural stem cells and chondroitinase ABC from one hydrogel lays the framework for future in vivo studies to treat CNS injuries.