Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma.
Presidio di Riabilitazione Specialistica Ambulatoriale "terapia fisica e riabilitazione", Roma.
Acta Biomed. 2020 Apr 10;91(3-S):168-170. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i3-S.9435.
The use of backpacks is common to both adults and children and often leads to the onset of musculoskeletal discomforts. Although a large number of studies have focused on the optimal load for children schoolbags, there is no general consensus. Here we report a 13-yr old girl case study, showing the impact of weight and wearing the school backpack on gait parameters. The variation of gait parameters and pelvis angles in different conditions were studied: without backpack (CTRL), or with backpack at 10% Body Weight (10BW), 15% BW (15BW) and 20% BW (20BW), carried "on both shoulders" (2S), "on one shoulder" (1S), or "with one hand" (1H). Swing phase was comparably modified by 2S/20BW and 1S/10BW conditions, suggesting that a lower backpack weight was sufficient to induce gait alterations when carried in asymmetrical conditions. Pelvic tilt, which was preserved by a two-shoulders distributed 10% BW load (2S/10BW), was strongly reduced in asymmetrical condition (1S/10BW), suggesting that a low weight carried on a single shoulder generates postural modifications including reduction of pelvic tilting, which is known to be associated to low back pain.
背包的使用在成人和儿童中都很常见，往往会导致肌肉骨骼不适。虽然大量的研究集中在儿童书包的最佳负荷上，但目前还没有普遍的共识。在这里，我们报告了一个 13 岁女孩的病例研究，展示了重量和背负书包对步态参数的影响。研究了不同条件下步态参数和骨盆角度的变化：不背包（CTRL），或背包分别为体重的 10%（10BW）、15%（15BW）和 20%（20BW），双肩背负（2S）、单肩背负（1S）或单手背负（1H）。2S/20BW 和 1S/10BW 条件下的摆动相相似地发生了改变，这表明当以不对称的方式携带时，较低的背包重量足以引起步态改变。由双肩分布的 10%体重（2S/10BW）承载的骨盆倾斜度得到了保持，但在不对称条件下（1S/10BW）则明显降低，这表明单肩背负较轻的重量会导致姿势改变，包括骨盆倾斜度的降低，这已知与腰痛有关。
