Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432 Ås, Norway.
Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1430 Ås, Norway.
Meat Sci. 2020 Aug;166:108134. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108134. Epub 2020 Mar 29.
Rapeseed meal and faba beans (RSM/FB) can serve as an alternative to imported soybean meal (SBM). In this study, forty Norwegian crossbred ([Landrace x Yorkshire] x Duroc) growing-finishing pigs (108.7 ± 4.2 kg final BW) were fed a diet with either SBM or RSM/FB as protein sources. RSM/FB increased feed conversion ratio (P = .04) in the finishing period, reduced lightness (P = .04) and yellowness (P = .004) of meat, changed amounts of individual fatty acids, but not of total SFA, MUFA and PUFA. Importantly, RSM/FB reduced the glucose level (P < .05) in meat. Lower pyroglutamic acid (P = .06) in RSM/FB indicate lower oxidative stress in pre-rigor muscle cell. Increased abundance of free amino acids, sweet tasting metabolites, reduced warmed-over flavor and flavor attributes indicated desirable properties of RSM/FB meat. To conclude, RSM/FB in pig diet supported growth performance and carcass quality comparable to SBM and had a positive effect on meat quality.
菜粕和蚕豆（RSM/FB）可以替代进口豆粕（SBM）。本研究中，40 头挪威杂交（长白猪×大约克夏猪×杜洛克猪）生长育肥猪（108.7±4.2kg 末重）以 SBM 或 RSM/FB 为蛋白质来源的日粮进行饲养。RSM/FB 在育肥后期增加了饲料转化率（P=0.04），降低了肉的亮度（P=0.04）和黄度（P=0.004），改变了各种脂肪酸的含量，但 SFA、MUFA 和 PUFA 的总量没有变化。重要的是，RSM/FB 降低了肉中的葡萄糖水平（P<0.05）。RSM/FB 中较低的焦谷氨酸（P=0.06）表明，僵直前肌肉细胞中的氧化应激较低。游离氨基酸、甜味代谢物的增加，以及热鲜味和风味特性的降低，表明 RSM/FB 肉具有理想的特性。总之，猪日粮中的 RSM/FB 支持生长性能和胴体质量与 SBM 相当，并对肉品质有积极影响。
