Liu Shuai, He Zhentao, Wen Xiaolu, Zhan Xianliang, Hou Lei, Deng Dongyan, Gao Kaiguo, Yang Xuefen, Cao Shuting, Jiang Zongyong, Wang Li
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 May 30;15(11):1611. doi: 10.3390/ani15111611.
This study evaluated the effect of mixed meal replacement of soybean meal on growth conditions, carcass traits, and meat quality of finishing pigs by partially and entirely replacing soybean meal with equal proportions of rapeseed, cotton, and sunflower meal. A total of fifty-four pigs with an average initial weight of 97.60 ± 0.30 kg were selected and randomly divided into three groups according to their initial weight, with six pens in each group and three pigs in each pen. The experimental groups were as follows: control group (CON), fed corn-soybean meal type basal diet; corn-soybean mixed meal group (CSM), using equal proportions of rapeseed meal, cotton meal, and sunflower meal (3.52% each) to replace 9.06% of soybean meal in the basal diet; and corn mixed meal group (CMM), using equal proportions of rapeseed meal, cotton meal, and sunflower meal (6.46% each) to replace soybean meal in the basal diet completely. According to the results, the use of mixed meal as a replacement for soybean meal did not have a significant impact ( > 0.05) on the average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, feed-to-weight ratio, body size, carcass traits, and meat quality of finishing pigs. The entire replacement of soybean meal with a mixed meal resulted in a significant increase ( < 0.05) in leaf fat weight. The use of mixed meal as a substitute for soybean meal had no significant effect ( > 0.05) on the antioxidant capacity and fatty acid composition of the longissimus thoracis in finishing pigs. However, longissimus thoracis muscle fiber diameter was reduced in the mixed meal partially replaced soybean meal group compared to the mixed meal completely replaced soybean meal group ( < 0.05). In addition, mixed meal replacing soybean meal did not significantly affect ( > 0.05) the expression of the longissimus thoracis muscle fiber type genes and . Mixed meal replacement of soybean meal did not significantly affect ( > 0.05) the expression of , , and genes in the longissimus thoracis. This study showed that mixed meal as an alternative to soybean meal in diets did not have significant negative effects on the growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs. These results can help develop further mixed meals as a functional alternative feed ingredient for soybean meals in pig diets.
本研究通过用等量的菜籽粕、棉粕和葵花籽粕部分或全部替代豆粕，评估了混合粕替代豆粕对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响。选取54头平均初始体重为97.60±0.30 kg的猪，根据初始体重随机分为三组，每组6个栏，每个栏3头猪。实验组如下：对照组（CON），饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮；玉米-豆粕混合粕组（CSM），用等量的菜籽粕、棉粕和葵花籽粕（各3.52%）替代基础日粮中9.06%的豆粕；玉米混合粕组（CMM），用等量的菜籽粕、棉粕和葵花籽粕（各6.46%）完全替代基础日粮中的豆粕。结果表明，使用混合粕替代豆粕对育肥猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比、体尺、胴体性状和肉质没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。用混合粕完全替代豆粕导致板油重量显著增加（P＜0.05）。使用混合粕替代豆粕对育肥猪背最长肌的抗氧化能力和脂肪酸组成没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。然而，与混合粕完全替代豆粕组相比，混合粕部分替代豆粕组的背最长肌肌纤维直径减小（P＜0.05）。此外，混合粕替代豆粕对背最长肌肌纤维类型基因MyHC-Ⅰ和MyHC-Ⅱ的表达没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。混合粕替代豆粕对背最长肌中MyoG、Myf5和MRF4基因的表达没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。本研究表明，混合粕作为日粮中豆粕的替代品对育肥猪的生长性能和肉质没有显著负面影响。这些结果有助于进一步开发混合粕作为猪日粮中豆粕的功能性替代饲料原料。
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