Junior Scientist, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria.
Research Fellow, Institute of Mountain Risk Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria.
Disasters. 2021 Jul;45(3):577-603. doi: 10.1111/disa.12437. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Every year, thousands of people around the world who face unequal access to political and social power and resources lose their lives and/or livelihoods in natural hazard events. As a result, the reduction of vulnerability has become a central concern of humanitarian actors. This paper analyses the impact of humanitarian assistance on vulnerabilities in Nepal following the Gorkha earthquake on 25 April 2015. The causes and manifestations of vulnerability before and after the disaster are determined through the application of the Pressure and Release model and the adoption of a mixed-methods research approach. The findings of the study reveal that 20 months after the earthquake, humanitarian assistance had not had any long-term positive influences on the root causes of the phenomenon, and that vulnerabilities at the micro level could be resolved in part. To diminish the extent of disasters in the future, however, the fundamental reasons for the vulnerability have to be addressed better.
每年，全球有成千上万的人因为无法平等地获得政治和社会权力及资源，在自然灾害中失去生命和/或生计。因此，减少脆弱性已成为人道主义行为体关注的核心问题。本文分析了 2015 年 4 月 25 日尼泊尔戈克哈尔地震后，人道主义援助对尼泊尔脆弱性的影响。通过应用压力与缓解模型，并采用混合方法研究方法，确定了灾害前后脆弱性的原因和表现。研究结果表明，地震发生 20 个月后，人道主义援助并未对这一现象的根本原因产生任何长期的积极影响，微观层面的脆弱性在一定程度上可以得到缓解。然而，要想减少未来灾害的影响程度，就必须更好地解决脆弱性的根本原因。
