CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland.
Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown, South Africa.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2020 Apr;38:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.02.008. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
While various aspects of classical biological control (CBC) of weeds, including non-target risk assessment, have been continuously improved in the past few decades, post-release monitoring remains neglected and underfunded. Detailed assessments of the population, community and ecosystem outcomes of CBC introductions, including reasons for success/failure and absence or evidence of non-target effects are generally lacking or fragmentary. Here we review recent advances in understanding the demography of biological control agents released into a novel environment, their impact on the target weed and on non-target species, and the consequences for the resident plant and animal communities and ecosystem functioning, including the restoration of ecosystem services. We argue that post-release monitoring of CBC programs offers unique but largely underutilized opportunities to improve our understanding of CBC outcomes and to inform management and decision-makers on when and how CBC should be integrated with other management options to enhance ecosystem restoration.
虽然过去几十年中，杂草的经典生物防治（CBC）的各个方面，包括非靶标风险评估，都在不断得到改善，但释放后监测仍然被忽视和资金不足。详细评估 CBC 引入对种群、群落和生态系统的结果，包括成功/失败的原因以及缺乏或有证据表明非靶标效应的情况，通常是缺乏或零碎的。在这里，我们回顾了对在新环境中释放的生物防治剂的种群动态的最新理解，以及它们对目标杂草和非靶标物种的影响，以及对当地植物和动物群落和生态系统功能的后果，包括生态系统服务的恢复。我们认为，CBC 计划的释放后监测提供了独特但在很大程度上未被充分利用的机会，可以增进我们对 CBC 结果的理解，并为管理者和决策者提供信息，说明何时以及如何将 CBC 与其他管理选项相结合，以增强生态系统恢复。
