Voice Production and Perception Laboratory, School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Voice Production and Perception Laboratory, School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):934.e17-934.e23. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.001. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
The effectiveness of postlaryngectomy communication methods (esophageal, tracheoesophageal, and electrolaryngeal speech) has been primarily evaluated using functional outcomes. This evaluation neglects the importance of listeners and their influence on communicative effectiveness. Listener comfort (LC), or the ease with which a listener interacts with alaryngeal speakers, may provide an important index of communicative effectiveness. The present study investigated the use of LC in the auditory-perceptual evaluation of alaryngeal speech modes, as well as evaluating the influence of contextual cues used to elicit ratings on listener judgments of all three alaryngeal modes.
Thirty-three naïve listeners provided independent ratings of LC for 39 alaryngeal speech samples using a visual analogue scaling procedure. Each group of listeners rated alaryngeal speech in three imagined listening conditions (Telephone Conversation, Social Situation, and a non-specified Control Condition). To analyze LC ratings obtained, a 3 × 3 mixed factor analysis of variance was conducted.
A significant interaction effect between alaryngeal speech mode and listening condition (P = 0.04) was identified. Overall, pairwise comparisons of alaryngeal speech mode indicated that listeners were more comfortable when presented with tracheoesophageal speech samples compared to those of esophageal and electrolaryn geal speakers.
Our data suggest that LC ratings are influenced by alaryngeal speech mode. Tracheoesophagea speech was perceived to have the most favorable LC ratings compared to the other alaryngeal speech modes in all listening conditions. Contextual cues (i.e., social condition and telephone condition) did not have an effect on LC ratings.
喉切除术后的交流方法（食管、气管食管和电子喉语音）的有效性主要通过功能结果进行评估。这种评估忽略了听众的重要性及其对交流效果的影响。听众舒适度（LC），即听众与失音者互动的容易程度，可能是交流效果的一个重要指标。本研究调查了 LC 在对失音者语音模式的听觉感知评估中的应用，以及评估用于引出评分的语境线索对所有三种失音模式的听众判断的影响。
33 名无经验的听众使用视觉模拟评分程序为 39 个失音语音样本提供了独立的 LC 评分。每组听众在三种想象的聆听条件下（电话交谈、社交情境和非特定的对照条件）对失音语音进行评分。为了分析 LC 评分，进行了 3×3 混合因子方差分析。
在失音语音模式和聆听条件之间发现了显著的交互效应（P=0.04）。总体而言，失音语音模式的成对比较表明，与食管和电子喉语音相比，听众在听到气管食管语音样本时感到更舒适。
我们的数据表明，LC 评分受失音语音模式的影响。与其他失音语音模式相比，气管食管语音在所有聆听条件下的 LC 评分都被认为具有最有利的评价。语境线索（即社交条件和电话条件）对 LC 评分没有影响。
