Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2020 Jul;72:106471. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106471. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
Zymosan is a cell wall component of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and produces severe inflammatory responses in mammals. When zymosan is peripherally injected in mammals, it induces several behavioral and physiological changes including anorexia and hyperthermia. However, to our knowledge, behavioral and physiological responses to zymosan have not yet been clarified in birds. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine if intraperitoneal injection of zymosan affects food intake, voluntary activity, cloacal temperature, plasma corticosterone (CORT) and glucose concentrations, and splenic gene expression of cytokines in chicks (Gallus gallus). Intraperitoneal injection of zymosan (2.5 mg) significantly decreased food intake, voluntary activity, and plasma glucose concentration, and increased plasma CORT concentration. The injection of 0.5 mg zymosan significantly increased cloacal temperature, while 2.5 mg zymosan had a tendency to increase it. Finally, 2.5 mg zymosan significantly increased the splenic gene expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-like cytokine 1A. The present results suggest that zymosan would be one of components which induces nonspecific symptoms including anorexia, hypoactivity, hyperthermia, and stress responses, under fungus infection in chicks.
酵母聚糖是酵母 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 的细胞壁成分，在哺乳动物中会产生严重的炎症反应。当酵母聚糖被外周注射到哺乳动物中时，会引起多种行为和生理变化，包括厌食和发热。然而，据我们所知，鸟类对酵母聚糖的行为和生理反应尚未得到阐明。因此，本研究的目的是确定腹腔内注射酵母聚糖是否会影响小鸡（Gallus gallus）的摄食、自发活动、泄殖腔温度、血浆皮质酮（CORT）和葡萄糖浓度以及脾脏细胞因子基因表达。腹腔内注射酵母聚糖（2.5mg）显著降低了摄食量、自发活动和血浆葡萄糖浓度，并增加了血浆 CORT 浓度。注射 0.5mg 酵母聚糖显著升高了泄殖腔温度，而 2.5mg 酵母聚糖有升高的趋势。最后，2.5mg 酵母聚糖显著增加了脾脏白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）、IL-6、IL-8、干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子样细胞因子 1A 的基因表达。本研究结果表明，酵母聚糖可能是引起雏鸡真菌感染时出现非特异性症状（包括厌食、活动减少、发热和应激反应）的成分之一。
