Kingsley Thomas, Kirchoff Robert, Newman James S, Chaudhary Rahul
Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
World J Cardiol. 2020 Mar 26;12(3):107-109. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i3.107.
Syncope forms a major part of medical in-flight emergencies contributing one-in-four in-flight medical events accounting to 70% of flight diversions. In such patients, it is important to elucidate the pathophysiology of syncope prior to diversion. Postural hypotension is the most common etiology of in-flight syncopal events. However, individuals without any underlying autonomic dysfunction can still experience syncope from hypoxia also known as airline syncope. Initial steps in managing such patients include positioning followed by the airway, breathing and circulation of resuscitation. These interventions need to be in close coordination with ground control to determine decision for flight diversion. Interventions which have been tried for prevention include mental challenge and increased salt and fluid intake. The current paper enhances the understanding of airline syncope by summarizing the associated pathophysiologic mechanisms and the management medical personnel can initiate with limited resources.
晕厥是飞行中医疗紧急情况的主要组成部分，占飞行中医疗事件的四分之一，导致70%的航班备降。对于此类患者，在备降前阐明晕厥的病理生理学很重要。体位性低血压是飞行中晕厥事件最常见的病因。然而，没有任何潜在自主神经功能障碍的个体仍可能因缺氧而发生晕厥，即所谓的航空性晕厥。处理此类患者的初始步骤包括体位调整，随后是气道、呼吸和复苏循环。这些干预措施需要与地面控制密切协调，以决定是否进行航班备降。已尝试的预防干预措施包括心理挑战以及增加盐和液体摄入量。本文通过总结相关病理生理机制以及医务人员在资源有限的情况下可以采取的管理措施，加深了对航空性晕厥的理解。
