School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Cardiac Arrhythmia, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2020 Apr 13;26:e924730. doi: 10.12659/MSM.924730.
This study aimed (1) to present public health interventions to mitigate the early spread of SARS-CoV-2 implemented in Poland between January 9 and March 29, 2020, and (2) to analyze the potential impact of these regulations on the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland. All legal regulations published in the Journal of Laws between January 9 and March 29, 2020, were analyzed. Out of 406 legal regulations identified, 56 were related to the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, the official announcements published on the governmental websites dedicated to the coronavirus and health issues were analyzed. On March 4, Poland reported the first laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case. On March 9, Poland introduced border sanitary control. Six days after the first laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case, all mass events in Poland were banned. All schools and universities were closed 8 days after the first COVID-19 case. All gastronomic facilities and sport and entertainment services were limited starting on March 14. Eleven days after the first COVID-19 case, controls at all Polish borders were introduced, and a ban on entry into Poland by foreigners (with some exemptions) was implemented. Starting on March 15, all citizens returning from abroad had to undergo compulsory 14 days self-quarantine. On March 20, a state of epidemic was announced, which resulted in new social distancing measures starting on March 25. In Poland, compared to other European countries, far-reaching solutions were implemented relatively early to reduce the spread of infection.
(1) 介绍 2020 年 1 月 9 日至 3 月 29 日期间波兰实施的公共卫生干预措施，以减轻 SARS-CoV-2 的早期传播；(2) 分析这些法规对波兰 COVID-19 疫情早期阶段的潜在影响。分析了 2020 年 1 月 9 日至 3 月 29 日期间在《法律杂志》上发布的所有法律法规。在确定的 406 项法规中，有 56 项与 COVID-19 疫情有关。此外，还分析了专门针对冠状病毒和卫生问题发布在政府网站上的官方公告。波兰于 3 月 4 日报告首例实验室确诊的 COVID-19 病例。3 月 9 日，波兰引入边境卫生控制。在首例实验室确诊的 COVID-19 病例发生后六天，波兰禁止所有大规模活动。首例 COVID-19 病例发生 8 天后，所有学校和大学关闭。从 3 月 14 日起，限制所有餐饮设施、体育和娱乐服务。首例 COVID-19 病例发生 11 天后，在波兰所有边境引入管制，并对外国人（有一些例外）实施入境禁令。自 3 月 15 日起，所有从国外返回的公民必须接受为期 14 天的强制自我隔离。3 月 20 日，宣布进入流行病状态，这导致从 3 月 25 日开始实施新的社会距离措施。在波兰，与其他欧洲国家相比，为了减少感染的传播，相对较早地实施了深远的解决方案。
