Department of Psychology and Counselling, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2020 May;34(4):826-844. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2020.1749307. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
In the context of the positive impact of cognitive interventions for age-related memory concerns, clinicians are seeking information about variables that predict optimum client response. In this study of older adults, the aim was to investigate baseline predictors of gain in memory performance, i.e. prospective memory, following a memory intervention. One hundred and one healthy older adults (H0A) and 73 older people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) were evaluated at 6-months after participating in a 6-week memory group intervention (LaTCH). The outcome measure was a clinic-based prospective memory task. Baseline predictors included demographic variables (age, gender, education), baseline prospective memory, and cognitive resources (retrospective memory, executive function). Thirty percent of the HOA and 16% of the aMCI cohorts demonstrated reliable training effects on prospective memory test performance at 6-month assessment. Through hierarchical regressions in the HOA cohort, executive function (working memory, attention set shifting) rather than retrospective memory was the best predictor of change in prospective memory. Moderated regression did not demonstrate any interactions between retrospective memory and executive function. For the memory impaired cohort (aMCI), better baseline retrospective memory predicted greater gain in prospective memory but only when executive function was also high. Memory groups can improve performance on clinic-based prospective memory tests in older people with concerns about memory performance, suggesting the value of further translation studies to demonstrate functional real-world gains and quality of life improvement after training. These interventions may be especially effective for those older people with better executive function (working memory, attention set shifting).
在认知干预对与年龄相关的记忆问题产生积极影响的背景下，临床医生正在寻找可预测最佳客户反应的变量信息。在这项针对老年人的研究中，目的是调查记忆干预后记忆表现（即前瞻性记忆）增益的基线预测因素。101 名健康老年人（H0A）和 73 名有遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）的老年人在参加为期 6 周的记忆小组干预（LaTCH）6 个月后接受评估。结果测量是基于诊所的前瞻性记忆任务。基线预测因素包括人口统计学变量（年龄、性别、教育）、基线前瞻性记忆和认知资源（回溯记忆、执行功能）。30%的 HOA 和 16%的 aMCI 队列在 6 个月评估时表现出前瞻性记忆测试成绩的可靠训练效应。通过 HOA 队列的分层回归，执行功能（工作记忆、注意力定势转移）而不是回溯记忆是前瞻性记忆变化的最佳预测因素。调节回归没有显示回溯记忆和执行功能之间的任何相互作用。对于记忆受损队列（aMCI），更好的基线回溯记忆预测前瞻性记忆的更大增益，但前提是执行功能也较高。记忆小组可以提高对有记忆表现问题的老年人基于诊所的前瞻性记忆测试的表现，这表明需要进一步进行翻译研究，以证明训练后的功能实际增益和生活质量改善。这些干预措施对于执行功能（工作记忆、注意力定势转移）较好的老年人可能特别有效。
