Gustafson R
Department of Psychology, University of Orebro, Sweden.
Alcohol Alcohol. 1988;23(5):409-14. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a044836.
Fifty college undergraduate women were asked to state the three most probable effects they expected from drinking a moderate amount of alcohol for themselves and for others respectively in rank-ordered way. Results indicate that subjects expected primarily over-all positive effects both for themselves and for others. Specifically they also expected themselves to become more calm and others to behave generally less well. Lower down in the level of expectations there was a tendency to expect more positive effects for themselves and more negative effects for others. The importance of establishing not only the existence of an expectancy but also the relationship between expectancies in terms of internal dominance is discussed along with a model explaining the interplay between expectancies and social behavior.
五十名大学本科女生被要求分别以排名顺序说出她们认为适量饮酒对自己和他人最可能产生的三种影响。结果表明，受试者认为适量饮酒对自己和他人主要产生总体积极影响。具体而言，她们还认为自己会变得更加平静，而他人的行为总体上会变差。在期望程度较低的方面，存在一种倾向，即认为适量饮酒对自己有更多积极影响，对他人有更多消极影响。本文讨论了不仅要确定期望的存在，还要确定期望在内部主导方面的关系的重要性，并提出了一个解释期望与社会行为之间相互作用的模型。
