Callaghan Chris W, Dayan Oren
School of Economic and Business Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Milpark Business School, Milpark Education, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Jamba. 2020 Mar 12;12(1):795. doi: 10.4102/jamba.v12i1.795. eCollection 2020.
Increasing antibiotic resistance across the world seems to reflect a failure of research and development (R&D) to keep pace with societally important disaster risks. This article uses the example of steadily increasing antibiotic resistance to question whether current R&D systems are able to timeously deal with certain societally important research problems. A review and discussion of new theoretical developments is offered, to suggest how novel technologies might be applied to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of health-related disaster risk research. This article seeks to make a conceptual contribution through a critical review and synthesis of novel theory. Theoretical propositions are derived from conceptual analysis. Four key challenges are related to the derived propositions, to derive guidelines for how the disaster risk management process can be supplemented to improve its near real-time research capability. The theoretical propositions derived here relate to certain overarching challenges facing disaster risk research. The theoretical arguments made in this article seek to offer a heuristic perspective that may be useful to those seeking to apply novel technologies in disaster risk research to address societally important research problems such as antibiotic resistance. This research identifies evidence of the failure of the contemporary research system to solve problems like antibiotic resistance. On the basis of a synthesis of novel literature and theory, conclusions suggest certain useful avenues for the improvement of the research process. Urgency is recommended because of mounting societal costs of slow research responses to societal problems.
全球范围内抗生素耐药性的不断增加似乎反映出研发未能跟上具有社会重要性的灾害风险的步伐。本文以抗生素耐药性持续上升为例,质疑当前的研发体系是否能够及时应对某些具有社会重要性的研究问题。本文对新的理论发展进行了综述和讨论,以提出如何应用新技术来提高与健康相关的灾害风险研究的效率和效果。本文旨在通过对新理论的批判性综述和综合,做出概念性贡献。理论命题源自概念分析。四个关键挑战与所推导的命题相关,以得出关于如何补充灾害风险管理过程以提高其近实时研究能力的指导方针。这里推导的理论命题涉及灾害风险研究面临的某些总体挑战。本文提出的理论观点旨在提供一种启发式视角,可能对那些试图在灾害风险研究中应用新技术以解决诸如抗生素耐药性等具有社会重要性的研究问题的人有用。这项研究证实了当代研究体系在解决抗生素耐药性等问题上的失败。基于对新文献和理论的综合,结论提出了某些有助于改进研究过程的有用途径。鉴于研究对社会问题反应迟缓所带来的社会成本不断增加,建议要抓紧时间。