Tinoco Racero I, Caro Gómez N, Rodríguez Leal C, López Tinoco E
Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar. Cádiz. España.
Medicine (Madr). 2014 Mar;11(50):2954-2964. doi: 10.1016/S0304-5412(14)70722-X. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
Infections by Epstein-Barr virus is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis. We describe the diagnosis and different serological patterns, as well as its major complications related to the development of malignancies, lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune diseases. There is no effective treatment. Cytomegalovirus is the second cause of mononucleosis syndrome and the first of congenital infection in our environment. It has an high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, mainly solid organ transplants, bone marrow and coinfection by human immunodeficiency virus. Its treatment is based on antivirals, mainly ganciclovir and valganciclovir. We describe its management, adverse effects, new drugs and prophylaxis.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒感染是传染性单核细胞增多症最常见的病因。我们描述了其诊断、不同的血清学模式，以及与恶性肿瘤、淋巴增殖性疾病和自身免疫性疾病发生相关的主要并发症。目前尚无有效的治疗方法。巨细胞病毒是我们环境中单核细胞增多症综合征的第二大病因，也是先天性感染的首要病因。它在免疫功能低下的患者中具有较高的发病率和死亡率，主要见于实体器官移植患者、骨髓移植患者以及合并人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的患者。其治疗基于抗病毒药物，主要是更昔洛韦和缬更昔洛韦。我们描述了其治疗管理、不良反应、新药及预防措施。
