Whiteside James L, Whiteside John W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants' Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Prim Care Update Ob Gyns. 2002 May-Jun;9(3):105-109. doi: 10.1016/S1068-607X(02)00098-7. Epub 2002 May 1.
Obstetricians and gynecologists are increasingly involved in primary care. Acute bronchitis is among the most common ambulatory complaints. Although the cause of acute bronchitis is predominantly viral, 50-70% of patients presenting with this condition are treated with antibiotics. Because of the increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, the cost of prescription drugs, and the potential adverse reactions to them, the present management of acute bronchitis has important shortcomings. Also, inhaled bronchodilators are underused for symptomatic management. Improved awareness among physicians about the recommended management of acute bronchitis has been targeted as an important means of decreasing unnecessary antibiotic use. Patient satisfaction motivates physicians to prescribe antibiotics in managing acute bronchitis. However, patient satisfaction does not necessarily correlate with prescribing of antibiotics but rather with patient education. We present a review of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute bronchitis and its management.
妇产科医生越来越多地参与到初级保健中。急性支气管炎是最常见的门诊疾病之一。虽然急性支气管炎的病因主要是病毒感染，但有50%至70%出现这种症状的患者接受了抗生素治疗。由于细菌对抗生素的耐药性不断增加、处方药成本以及药物潜在的不良反应，目前急性支气管炎的治疗存在重要缺陷。此外，吸入性支气管扩张剂在症状管理中的使用不足。提高医生对急性支气管炎推荐治疗方法的认识已被视为减少不必要抗生素使用的重要手段。患者满意度促使医生在治疗急性支气管炎时开具抗生素。然而，患者满意度不一定与抗生素的开具相关，而是与患者教育相关。我们对急性支气管炎的诊断、鉴别诊断及其治疗进行综述。
