Environmental Analysis and Outcomes, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Environmental Health, Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Chemosphere. 2020 Aug;253:126680. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126680. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
There are few ambient air measurements of extended lists of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (cPAHs); which are pollutants useful in source identification and significant contributors to cumulative inhalation cancer potency. We present findings from a multi-year ambient air sampling study with comparisons of cancer risk estimates for monitoring sites influenced by a variety of sources based on Minnesota Department of Health guidance. Cancer risks were calculated from raw cPAH measurements and cPAH measurements adjusted by wind direction to reflect the full potential impact of the facility's air emissions. MDH cPAH Guidance was used to calculate additive cancer risks for all cPAHs analyzed in this study, as well as the following priority cPAH groups: the EPA16, the EU15 + 1, the EU7 (ambient air), a scaling to Benzo[a]pyrene, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) categorized by IARC as carcinogenic. The highest cPAH risks were from the urban mixed source site. Benzo[c]fluorene was the highest contributor to the cumulative inhalation risk. Adjusting cPAH concentrations by wind direction to reflect full source emissions had a large impact on data for the traffic site and the refineries, but less to no difference for the shingle manufacturing sites. If not all cPAHs are analyzed in a monitoring study, the risk estimates from the EU15 + 1 priority PAHs was the closest surrogate to a full suite of cPAHs followed by the use of a multiplier times a surrogate PAH.
目前针对多环芳烃（cPAHs）的扩展列表，只有少量环境空气测量数据；这些污染物可用于源识别，是导致累积吸入性癌症的重要因素。我们根据明尼苏达州卫生部门的指导意见，展示了一项多年环境空气采样研究的结果，该研究比较了受多种来源影响的监测点的癌症风险估计值。根据明尼苏达州卫生部门的指导意见，利用风向调整后的原始 cPAH 测量值和 cPAH 测量值来反映设施空气排放的全部潜在影响，计算出了癌症风险。MDH cPAH 指南用于计算本研究中分析的所有 cPAHs 的附加癌症风险，以及以下优先 cPAH 组：EPA16、EU15+1、EU7（环境空气）、苯并[a]芘的比例调整以及被 IARC 列为致癌的多环芳烃（PAHs）。cPAH 风险最高的是城市混合源站点。苯并[c]荧蒽是累积吸入风险的最高贡献者。通过风向调整 cPAH 浓度以反映全部源排放，对交通站点和炼油厂的数据产生了重大影响，但对碎石制造站点的影响较小或没有影响。如果在监测研究中没有分析所有的 cPAHs，则 EU15+1 优先 PAHs 的风险估计值是最接近全套 cPAHs 的替代值，其次是使用乘法器乘以替代 PAH。
